Nervous and mental diseases . is a decided sclerosis of the columns of Goll and Burdock, withshrinking of the cord in this region throughout its entire length. Thereis sclerosis of the crossed pyramidal tract, of Gowers tract, of the directcerebellar tract, of Lissaue/s tract, and frequently atrophy of the cells ofClarkes column. The posterior horn and its cells are shrunken and inrare cases the anterior cornual cells are degenerated. Marie insists thatthe changes in the pyramidal tract are confined to the fibers related to thedirect cerebellar tracts and Gowers^ tracts, and do no
Nervous and mental diseases . is a decided sclerosis of the columns of Goll and Burdock, withshrinking of the cord in this region throughout its entire length. Thereis sclerosis of the crossed pyramidal tract, of Gowers tract, of the directcerebellar tract, of Lissaue/s tract, and frequently atrophy of the cells ofClarkes column. The posterior horn and its cells are shrunken and inrare cases the anterior cornual cells are degenerated. Marie insists thatthe changes in the pyramidal tract are confined to the fibers related to thedirect cerebellar tracts and Gowers^ tracts, and do not directly affect theupper motor neurons. The portions of the cord that last develop arethus affected by the retrogressive changes of the malady. As a rule,the cord is undersized and may present only two-thirds of its usualthickness. In a few cases, notably that of Menzel, the medulla andcerebellum were also reduced in size and degeneration has been tracedinto the cerebrum. The posterior roots and ganglia are usually Fig. 201.—Dorsal cord-section in Friedreichs disease, showing distribution and relative intensity of sclerotic changes (Marie). Rennie,1 however, found degeneration of posterior root-fibers, and pos-terior root-zones. The cranial nerves are generally spared in the spinalvariety, but the hypoglossus and optic nerves have been found diseased. The cerebellar form, in the few cases on record, has presented atrophyof the cerebellum, as in Frasers case, in one of Nonnes, in Switalskis,and in Holmes This is absent in Browns cases, but the cerebellartracts in the cord were involved. This cerebellar atrophy is said not to besclerotic. The gray substance is abnormally thin, Purkinjes cells are fewin number and undersized, the white matter is less voluminous than usual,and the weight of the organ is reduced a third or a half. The cord in thesecases of Maries type is undersized, but shows no sclerotic appears to be a pure genetic poverty o
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