. Radio-diagnosis of pleuro-pulmonary affection . seased side, while the normal sideretains all its clearness. This obscurity is nearly uniform,but more intense, however, obliquely from the base. At thislevel it becomes impossible to distinguish the contour of thediaphragm, as the respiratory movements are abolished, orthe lateral cul-de-sac, which is completely effaced by theeffusion. At the top a clearness persists which is the more 15 16 RADIO-DIAGNOSIS: PLEURAE decreased and obscured the more abundant the the pressure of the fluid a lateral deformation is pro-duced correspon
. Radio-diagnosis of pleuro-pulmonary affection . seased side, while the normal sideretains all its clearness. This obscurity is nearly uniform,but more intense, however, obliquely from the base. At thislevel it becomes impossible to distinguish the contour of thediaphragm, as the respiratory movements are abolished, orthe lateral cul-de-sac, which is completely effaced by theeffusion. At the top a clearness persists which is the more 15 16 RADIO-DIAGNOSIS: PLEURAE decreased and obscured the more abundant the the pressure of the fluid a lateral deformation is pro-duced corresponding to the displacement of the mediastinumand of the heart. This displacement is shown on the screenby a triangular enlargement of the median shadow, the sizeof which increases progressively from top to bottom andstands out against the clear background of the normal side. Upper limit of the effusion: Appearance of the apex.—Theupper limit of the effusion does not show a sharply definedoutline in pleurisy. The opacity diminishes gradually; and. Fig. 4. PLEURISY LEFT SIDE Displacement of heart and mediastinum, lowered position of diaphragm. Upperlimit of efifusion slopes downward from without inward. little by little, through a series of transitions, one passesimperceptibly from shadow to light without being able toexactly say where one stops and the other begins. However,by studying it carefully and using a lead diaphiagm, onecan determine this upper outline and define its form. The difficulty of this interpretation explains up to acertain point the difference of opinion of authors who haveascribed to this line sometimes a convex, sometimes a con-cave, sometimes a horizontal form. It is fair to add inexplanation that this form is modified quite appreciablyaccording to the height of the effusion, so that the variation PLEURISY OF THE LARGE CAVITY 17 in their descriptions may perhaps be due to the fact thattheir observations were made under different phases, eitherof increase o
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