. The refraction of the eye; including a complete treatise on ophthalmometry; . Fig. 38. 74 THE REFRACTIOX OF THE EYE rule, above reported, and myopic astigmatism against the rule,to be reported, in regard to the vertical meridian. Mrs. N. E. R., aged thirty-nine, consulted me March 2,1897. She had worn glasses for a year, but her eyes continuedto pain her when she did any near work. Frontal headaches,dizziness, and a drawing sensation in the eyes are the symptomsmost complained of. Ophthalmometer.—Astigmatism against the rule, .50 D.,axis 15° -h or 105° - right eye ; .25 D., axis 165° + or 75
. The refraction of the eye; including a complete treatise on ophthalmometry; . Fig. 38. 74 THE REFRACTIOX OF THE EYE rule, above reported, and myopic astigmatism against the rule,to be reported, in regard to the vertical meridian. Mrs. N. E. R., aged thirty-nine, consulted me March 2,1897. She had worn glasses for a year, but her eyes continuedto pain her when she did any near work. Frontal headaches,dizziness, and a drawing sensation in the eyes are the symptomsmost complained of. Ophthalmometer.—Astigmatism against the rule, .50 D.,axis 15° -h or 105° - right eye ; .25 D., axis 165° + or 75° - R. E. L. E, Fig. 39. The primary position in the right eye was found at 15°,the images of the mires approximated and the long indicatorturned to 105° when the images separated; the images wereagain approximated and the long indicator turned back to 15°,the primary position, when an overlapping of one-half a steptook place. In astigmatism against the rule it is after thissecond turning that the axes and the amount of astigmatismare read off, the long indicator always showing where theplus glass will be worn if hypermetropia is present and the ILLUSTRATIVE CASES 75 short indicators where the minus glass will be worn if myopiais present. In the left eye the primary position was found at 165°, thesecondary at 75° where the images separated. The imageswere again approximated and turned back to the primaryposition, when an overlapping of a quarter of a step took place,reading, therefore, astigmatism against the rule, .25 D., axis165° 4-or 75°-. Test cards and trial lenses. — K. V.
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