. How crops grow. A treatise on the chemical composition, structure, and life of the plant, for all students of agriculture ... Agricultural chemistry; Growth (Plants). 224 HOW CROPS GEOW. magnified 50 diameters. The cells iQostly cohere together, but readily admit of separation. Structure of the Cell.—By the aid of the microscope it is possible to learn something with regard to the inter- nal structure of the cell itself. Fig. 29 exhibits the ap- pearance of a cell from the flesh of the Jerusalem Arti- choke, magnified 230 diameters; externally the membrane, or wall of the cell, is seen in se
. How crops grow. A treatise on the chemical composition, structure, and life of the plant, for all students of agriculture ... Agricultural chemistry; Growth (Plants). 224 HOW CROPS GEOW. magnified 50 diameters. The cells iQostly cohere together, but readily admit of separation. Structure of the Cell.—By the aid of the microscope it is possible to learn something with regard to the inter- nal structure of the cell itself. Fig. 29 exhibits the ap- pearance of a cell from the flesh of the Jerusalem Arti- choke, magnified 230 diameters; externally the membrane, or wall of the cell, is seen in section. This membrane is filled and distended by a transparent liquid, the sap or free water of vegetation. Within the cell is observed a round body, -T> b, which is called the nucleus, and upon this is seen a smaller nucleolus, c. Lining the interior of the cell-membrane and connected with the nucleus, is a yellowish, turbid, semi-fluid substance of mucUagi- nous consistence, a, which is designated the protoplasm, or formative layer. This, when more highly magnified, is found to contain a vast number of excessively minute granules. By the aid of chemistry the microscopist is able to dis- sect these cells, which are hardly perceptible to the unas- sisted eye, and ascertain to a good degree how they are constituted. On moistening them with solution of iodine, and afterward with sulphuric acid, the outer membrane— the cell-wall—shortly becomes of a fine blue color. It is accordingly cellulose, the only vegetable substance yet known which is made blue by iodine after, and only after, the action of sulphuric acid. At the same time we observe that the interior, half-liquid, protoplasm,, has coagulated and shrunk together,—lias therefore separated from the cell-wall, and including with it the nucleus and the smaller granules, lies in the center of the cell like a collapsed bladder. It has also assumed a deep yellow or brown color. If we moisten one of these cells with nitri
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1860, booksubjectagricul, bookyear1868
