. The anatomy of the central nervous system of man and of vertebrates in general. Neuroanatomy; Central Nervous System. THE INTEEBEAIN" OR THALAMENCEPHALON. 139 We know at present that parts of the optic nerve arise from the large ganglion-cells of the retina (S. E. y Cajal, Monakow), and we know that an- other part passes from the roof of the midbrain itself to be distributed in the retina. The retina itself may be looked upon as a system of neurons arranged in strata one above the other. A part of these neurons stand in direct relation to the Opticus, as Just stated; while a part are co
. The anatomy of the central nervous system of man and of vertebrates in general. Neuroanatomy; Central Nervous System. THE INTEEBEAIN" OR THALAMENCEPHALON. 139 We know at present that parts of the optic nerve arise from the large ganglion-cells of the retina (S. E. y Cajal, Monakow), and we know that an- other part passes from the roof of the midbrain itself to be distributed in the retina. The retina itself may be looked upon as a system of neurons arranged in strata one above the other. A part of these neurons stand in direct relation to the Opticus, as Just stated; while a part are connected with other cells, of the second, third, and fourth orders, propagating the stimulus received by the peripheral neurons of the first order. In the midst. Dec. post-chiasmatioa " Dec. transversa Basal opticus root - Tr. strio-thalam. Dec. supra-infundibularis Ggl. ectomamillare N. ocnlo-motorius Tr. quinto-thalamicus Fasc. longit. post. — N. trigeminus Fig. 87.—Horizontal section through the hypothalamus, chiasma, and medulla of a lizard. lie many cells the distribution of whose processes make it evident that they connect one part of the retina to another.^ From the eyeball the optic nerve passes into the cranial cavity. In fishes whose eyes are relatively much larger than man's, also in birds, the nerves in question are enormous, and in brain-sections of these animals dominate the field. At the base of the skull they cross in the chiasma, which lies, as above stated, just anterior to the hypothalamus. This decus- sation is, in most animals, complete, but in some birds and probably in the ^For a more exact description see S. R. y Cajal's monograph on "The ; There is a German translation by Dr. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Edinger, Ludwig, 1855-1918;
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