A treatise on orthopedic surgery . gh the long diameter will demonstrate theshape of the longitudinal arch. In descriptions of the longi- 694 DISABILITIES AND DEFOBMITIES OF THE FOO-T. 695 tudinal arch, it is often divided into two j)arts, of which the outerdivision is formed by the os calcis, the cuboid, and the twp outermetatarsal bones. Of this outer arch, the highest point is at thecalcaneocuboid articulation (Fig. 445), ^nd although it isnormally a permanent arch, yet the soft tissues are forced down- FiG. 444. Cross-section of the cast of the arches of the apposed feet. A, the internal a
A treatise on orthopedic surgery . gh the long diameter will demonstrate theshape of the longitudinal arch. In descriptions of the longi- 694 DISABILITIES AND DEFOBMITIES OF THE FOO-T. 695 tudinal arch, it is often divided into two j)arts, of which the outerdivision is formed by the os calcis, the cuboid, and the twp outermetatarsal bones. Of this outer arch, the highest point is at thecalcaneocuboid articulation (Fig. 445), ^nd although it isnormally a permanent arch, yet the soft tissues are forced down- FiG. 444. Cross-section of the cast of the arches of the apposed feet. A, the internal andinferior surface of the astragalonavicular junction. ward beneath it when weight is borne, so that the outer borderof the foot makes an imjDrint throughout its entire length, ascontrasted with the inner and deeper arch formed by the oscalcis, the astragalus, the navicular, the cuneiform, and thethree inner metatarsal bones (Fig. 446). This division, al-though an artificial-one, serves to call attention to the fact that Fig. The bones of the right foot, viewed from the outer side. (Testut, from Gerrishs Anatomy.) the outer or lower arch is more solidly braced, and, adapted for continuous weight bearing than is the higherand more elastic inner arch. The diagram of the longitudinal arch, showing its sharpdescent from the highest point to the centre of the heel, indicatesthat the heel is well adapted for weight bearing, while the longanterior pillar composed of several bones is less strong but more 696 OETHOPEDIC SUPiGEEY. elastic; thus one instinctively extends the foot in descendingstairs, for example, to avoid the unpleasant jar of direct shockreceived upon the heel. Of this anterior pillar, the third meta-tarsal bone is the most direct support, while the more movablefirst and fifth metatarsals, more under muscular control, aid inbalancing the weight and sustaining it in the different divisions of the longitudinal arch are permanent arche
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Keywords: ., bookauthorwhitmanr, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookyear1910
