. Cassell's popular gardening. Gardening. THE LIFE-HISTORY OF PLANTS. 13 Juidperus Virginiana. Another frequent change is a change of habit. By grafting an Apple on a dwarfing stock, like the Paradise, or the Pear on the Quince, a giant is, as it were, converted into a pigmy, and the fruitfulness is not only greatly increased, but much hastened, so that the old proverb that " he who plants Pears, plants for his heirs," is no longer wholly true. In " double grafting," again, the effect of stock on scion is shown. In some cases the Pear will not graft readily on the Quince, a
. Cassell's popular gardening. Gardening. THE LIFE-HISTORY OF PLANTS. 13 Juidperus Virginiana. Another frequent change is a change of habit. By grafting an Apple on a dwarfing stock, like the Paradise, or the Pear on the Quince, a giant is, as it were, converted into a pigmy, and the fruitfulness is not only greatly increased, but much hastened, so that the old proverb that " he who plants Pears, plants for his heirs," is no longer wholly true. In " double grafting," again, the effect of stock on scion is shown. In some cases the Pear will not graft readily on the Quince, and the advantages of such a graft would consequently not be available were it not for this process of double grafting. This is effected by first of all grafting a scion of some other Pear on to the Quince stock, and then graft- ing on to this first scion the particular Pear it is wished to propagate. In this indirect manner character of the fruit, it is difficult to see why changes in the form of the fruit should not occur likewise. Those who deny this say that the inter- mediate forms, which undoubtedly do occur, are instances of variation not greater in amount than. Fig. 55.—Shoots prepared for graftiug by approacli or it-arching. the Quince stock is made to affect the second scion through the first, and to hasten and increase its fruitfulness. Influence of the Scion on the Stock.—The eifect of scion on stock is perhaps less conspicuous, but occasionally becomes very manifest, as where a shoot of the same character as the scion breaks out from the sides of the stock below the original graft. Such cases are not infrequent, and prove the reciprocal in- fluence of scion and stock. Sometimes even inter- mediate forms of fruit or of foliage are produced, which suggest a commingling of elements, as in cross-fertilisation or hybridisation. If stocks induce dwarfing, promote early flowering, or in other cases retard it, if they alter the flavour and general. Please note that thes
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