. Michigan bird life : a list of all the bird species known to occur in the State together with an outline of their classification and an account of the life history of each species, with special reference to its relation to agriculture ... . e, probablyb e c a u s e it findsabundance of foodand suitable condi-tions in the north. It feeds to a largeextent on the seeds of the birches and alders, but also attacks the conesof the tamarack and arbor-vita3, and probably to some extent those ofother pines. It also feeds freely on grass-seeds and weed-seeds, but takesto the bare ground with some relu


. Michigan bird life : a list of all the bird species known to occur in the State together with an outline of their classification and an account of the life history of each species, with special reference to its relation to agriculture ... . e, probablyb e c a u s e it findsabundance of foodand suitable condi-tions in the north. It feeds to a largeextent on the seeds of the birches and alders, but also attacks the conesof the tamarack and arbor-vita3, and probably to some extent those ofother pines. It also feeds freely on grass-seeds and weed-seeds, but takesto the bare ground with some reluctance. Not infrequently it is foundin company with crossbills and has been known to follow the latter andextract seeds from the cones torn open by the stronger bird. Apparently it has little or no song even at the nesting season, thoughone observer speaks of a faint warble and another of a twittering. The nest, found only in arctic and subarctic regions, is built of variousgrasses, plant fibres and moss, lined with feathers and hair, and placedin low bushes, alders, willows, etc., usually but a foot or two above theground. The eggs are three to five, bluish white finely spotted with brown,and average about .69 by .48 inches (Ridgw.).. Redpoll,gj. Little, Brown & Co. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION. Adult: Top of head bright red (usually crimson), and a dusky spot covering chinand upper part of throat; wing exceeding tail by more than length of tarsus; rump distinctlystreaked; sides distinctly, often broadly and heavily, streaked with dusky; under tail-coverts with very distinct dusky mesial streaks; imier webs of tail-feathers very slightly,if at all, edged with white; plumage in general darker, with darker markings preyaihngon upper parts, tlie lower parts never entirely white; adult males with chest and sides ofbreast deep madder-pink; bill in winter yellow, tipped with black. Females lack the redof breast and sides but have the red cap. Young of both sexes are without red on crownor


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookidmichiganbird, bookyear1912