. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. S^f^'^mTU BULLETIN No. 736 <| Contribution from the Bureau of Animal Industry JOHN R. MOHLER, Chief Washington, D. C. November 15, 1918 THE OPEN SHED COMPARED WITH THE CLOSED BARN FOR DAIRY COWS. By T. E. Woodward, W. F. Turner, W. R. Hale, and J. B. McNultt, of the Dairy Division. CONTENTS. Present dairy practice regarding open and closed barns 1 Review of previous work 2 The experimental work 3 Description of the open shed 3 The closed barn 4 The cows 4 Production records 4
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. S^f^'^mTU BULLETIN No. 736 <| Contribution from the Bureau of Animal Industry JOHN R. MOHLER, Chief Washington, D. C. November 15, 1918 THE OPEN SHED COMPARED WITH THE CLOSED BARN FOR DAIRY COWS. By T. E. Woodward, W. F. Turner, W. R. Hale, and J. B. McNultt, of the Dairy Division. CONTENTS. Present dairy practice regarding open and closed barns 1 Review of previous work 2 The experimental work 3 Description of the open shed 3 The closed barn 4 The cows 4 Production records 4 Feed records 5 Discussion of results • 5 Labor required 10 Preparing cows for milking 10 Removing manure and flushing out milk room 11 Bedding—time required, pounds needed, etc 11 Health and contentment of the cows 12 Manure—preservation, handling, etc 13 Summary 13 PRESENT DAIRY PRACTICE REGARDING OPEN AND CLOSED BARNS. In order that milk and butterfat may be produced economically, it is necessary to provide shelter of some kind for dairy cattle during the cold, stormy seasons of the year. While the length of the stabling period varies in different sections of the United States, most dairy cows are now housed for at least five months, from November to March, inclusive. An open-shed barn is usually partly or entirely closed on three sides, leaving one side, usually the south or east, open. The shed is large enough to allow each animal sufficient room for comfort and exercise, the space allowed varying from 35 to 150 square feet for each cow. The animals are allowed the freedom of the shed except at milking time. Usually there is a separate room into which the cows are driven for milking. This room may accommodate all or only a part of them. In the latter case they are milked in groups. In the milking room the cows are groomed, milked, and fed grain, after which they are driven out and another group takes their place. Roughage is fed in racks and troughs provided for that
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