. The Canadian field-naturalist. 1999 Patterson, Bondrup-Nielsen, and Messier: Coyote in Nova Scotia 255 80 ^ 70 ro 60 o E 50 B 40 o n = 222 30 8 20 J I 10 n = 106. n = 166 Early morning Late morning Afternoon Early evening Night Time of day Figure 1. Daily activity of 36 radio-controlled Coyotes in Nova Scotia, January 1993-August 1996. Time periods were as follows: early morning — one hour before simrise to two hours after sunrise; late morning — two hours after sunrise until 12:30; afternoon — 12:30 until one hour before sunset; early evening — one hour before sunset until two hours after s
. The Canadian field-naturalist. 1999 Patterson, Bondrup-Nielsen, and Messier: Coyote in Nova Scotia 255 80 ^ 70 ro 60 o E 50 B 40 o n = 222 30 8 20 J I 10 n = 106. n = 166 Early morning Late morning Afternoon Early evening Night Time of day Figure 1. Daily activity of 36 radio-controlled Coyotes in Nova Scotia, January 1993-August 1996. Time periods were as follows: early morning — one hour before simrise to two hours after sunrise; late morning — two hours after sunrise until 12:30; afternoon — 12:30 until one hour before sunset; early evening — one hour before sunset until two hours after sunset; night — two hours after sunset until one hour before sunrise of the following morning. gested mate seeking by unpaired Coyotes, and an overall increase in territoriality at this time of year, were the principal causes. Breeding pairs of Coyotes monitored during this study were almost always together (the exception being during the pup rearing season), and were quickly replaced when killed or injured (B. R. Patterson, unpublished data). Thus, mate seeking was probably not a significant influ- ence on movements during this study. Given the large territory sizes typical of Eastern Coyotes (Harrison 1992), we should have observed a consid- erable increase in activity and movements during the pair formation and breeding period if increased terri- toriality influenced movements; however, this was not the case. Gese et al. (1996) reported that Coyotes spent progressively more time resting as snow depth and large mammal carcass biomass increased in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. Coyotes in the Sierra Nevada, California, exhibited decreased activity in winter despite the absence of ungulate carcasses (Shivik et al. 1997). Shivik et al. (1997) felt that this reduction in activity allowed Coyotes to remain in an area with a seasonally reduced prey base and harsh weather conditions. However, Pekins (1992) reported that winter thermoregulatory costs for Coyotes in nort
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