. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. 136 ANSERIFORMES and black beak, except in C. olor, where it is plumbeous. In habits Swans are much alike, though the notes differ somewhat, and the Mute Swan merely hisses or croaks in captivity; the latter and the Black Swan are noted for the graceful curve of the neck and their greenish eggs; while the wing-feathers and scapulars are habitually puffed out w^hen on the water. Swans were " Eoyal Birds " in mediaeval England, and a licence was necessary to keep them, but for this subject and that of the " Swan- marks " on the bill,
. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. 136 ANSERIFORMES and black beak, except in C. olor, where it is plumbeous. In habits Swans are much alike, though the notes differ somewhat, and the Mute Swan merely hisses or croaks in captivity; the latter and the Black Swan are noted for the graceful curve of the neck and their greenish eggs; while the wing-feathers and scapulars are habitually puffed out w^hen on the water. Swans were " Eoyal Birds " in mediaeval England, and a licence was necessary to keep them, but for this subject and that of the " Swan- marks " on the bill, as well as for accounts of decoys, hybrids, and. Fig. 36. Bewick's Swan. Cygnus beioicki. x Jj. domestic races in the Family, the reader must be referred to the works of Professor Newton,-^ Count Salvadori," and other authors. Fossil remains of this group are found throughout the Miocene of France, Switzerland, Germany, and Italy, referred to Anser and Anas, with Chenornis graculo'ides; the Pliocene of Oregon has furnished Branta, Cygnus, and Anser, that of Italy Anas and Fuligula ; the Plistocene of Malta Cygmis and , that of Brazil Clienaloinx. The superficial deposits of New Zealand con- tain Cnemiornis, mentioned above, as well as Chenopis and Biziura; the Queensland drifts the last-named, and, it is said. Anas, Dendrocycna, and Nyroca; the Mare aux Songes of Mauritius Anas and Sarcidiornis. Centrornis majori is a remarkable form ^ Cf. Did. Birds, artt. Duck, Goose, Swan, and the references there given. - Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xxvii. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Harmer, S. F. (Sidney Frederic), Sir, 1862-; Shipley, A. E. (Arthur Everett), Sir, 1861-1927. London : Macmillan and Co. ; New York : The Macmillan Company
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