. Outlines of zoology. is formed by thejunction of scapula and coracoid. Between the median ends of the coracoids lie two fusedcartilaginous epicoracoids, behind which is a bony part ofthe sternum, prolonged posteriorly into a notched cartila-ginous xiphisternum. Anteriorly lies a bony portion calledthe omosternum, which is prolonged forwards into an epi-sternum cartilage. This sternum does not arise like that ofhigher Vertebrates, from a fusion of the ventral ends of , there are no ribs in the frog, unless they be minuterudiments at the ends of the transverse processes. The true fr
. Outlines of zoology. is formed by thejunction of scapula and coracoid. Between the median ends of the coracoids lie two fusedcartilaginous epicoracoids, behind which is a bony part ofthe sternum, prolonged posteriorly into a notched cartila-ginous xiphisternum. Anteriorly lies a bony portion calledthe omosternum, which is prolonged forwards into an epi-sternum cartilage. This sternum does not arise like that ofhigher Vertebrates, from a fusion of the ventral ends of , there are no ribs in the frog, unless they be minuterudiments at the ends of the transverse processes. The true frogs (Ranidje) have what is called &firmisternal pectoralarch, in which precoracoid and coracoid nearly abut on the middle line,and are only narrowly separated by the epicoracoids. In toads, tree-frogs,etc., the arch is arciferal, the precoracoid and coracoid being widelyseparated medianly, and connected by a large arched epicoracoid, over-lapping its fellow. The skeleton of the fore-limb consists of an upper arm mx. Fig. 315.—Skeleton of frog. The half of the pectoral girdle, andfore- and hind- limb of the right side are not shown. pmx., premaxilla; , maxilla; «., nasal; spk,^ sphenethmoid ;p^., parieto-frontal; , pro-otic; pt.^ pterygoid; q,j.^quadrato-jugal; sq,^ squamosal; Q.^ quadrate; c, columellaauris ; ^., atlas ; ,, transverse process \, sacral vertebra;£/., urostyle; ^ supra scapula; H., humerus; R. £/., radioulna; Cj*., carpals ; Mc, metacarpals ; //., ilium ; /j., ischium;F.^ femur; ^., tibio-fibula; Crt., calcaneum; As.^ astra-galus ; C,y calcar ; Mt.^ metatarsals. 586- AMPHIBIA. or humerus, a fore-arm in which the inner radius and theouter ulna are fused, a wrist or carpus including two
Size: 1325px × 1886px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookidcu3192, booksubjectzoology
