. Applied anatomy and kinesiology. e shoulders. Shoulder braces, such as are often advertised and used to cor-rect such faults, may be benficial or highly injurious according tothe manner of their use. The good they may do is to stretch theshortened muscles on the front of the chest and relieve the trapeziusfrom extreme fatigue and prolonged stretching during an occupa-tion conducive to the defect. The harm they are apt to do whenused without intelligent direction is to leave the weak musclesthat should maintain good posture without any necessity for vigor-ous action and thus weaken them still
. Applied anatomy and kinesiology. e shoulders. Shoulder braces, such as are often advertised and used to cor-rect such faults, may be benficial or highly injurious according tothe manner of their use. The good they may do is to stretch theshortened muscles on the front of the chest and relieve the trapeziusfrom extreme fatigue and prolonged stretching during an occupa-tion conducive to the defect. The harm they are apt to do whenused without intelligent direction is to leave the weak musclesthat should maintain good posture without any necessity for vigor-ous action and thus weaken them still more. All such contrivances 80 MOVEMENTS OF THE SHOULDER GIRDLE for the support and relief of overworked muscles should be usedonly under the direction of a competent specialist, and in practi-cally all cases should be supplemented by exercises that will toneup and develop the weak muscles. In case of complete loss of theuse of a group of muscles the brace may be needed permanently,but in any case expert advice should be Fig. 43.—Upward stretching of one arm and downward stretching of the otherarm, used for correcting uneven height of shoulders. A marked projection of the lower angle of the scapula, oftenknown as winged scapula, is usually due, as has been alreadyobserved, to a deficiency in the action of the rhomboid and short-ening of the pectoralis minor. In mild cases the exercise of is a good corrective, the eflort to hold the elbows down givingvigorous but not straining work for the rhomboid while the effortto hold the hands back will stretch the pectoralis minor. As a POSTURE OF THE SHOULDERS 81 general principle it is well to remember that exercises involvingelevation of the humerus give work for the trapezius rather thanthe rhomboid while the reverse is true of exercises involving depres-sion of the humerus. A further study of this point will be madein the next chapter. Uneven height of shoulders is a defect of posture often associatedwith lateral c
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