. Electric railway journal . lights, each of these circuits being in dupli-cate and governed by a two-way switch, so that there mayalways be a light in the destination indicator and signallamps in the case of failure of one circuit. The cars areheated by electric heaters, there being 16 distributedthroughout the car, all connected in series. Two heatersat each end are situated in the drivers cab. The proportion of motor cars to trailers in trains is oneto one. The weight of these motor cars in running order,but without passenger load, is 33^ tons. August 21, 1909.] ELECTRIC RAILWAY JOURNAL. 29


. Electric railway journal . lights, each of these circuits being in dupli-cate and governed by a two-way switch, so that there mayalways be a light in the destination indicator and signallamps in the case of failure of one circuit. The cars areheated by electric heaters, there being 16 distributedthroughout the car, all connected in series. Two heatersat each end are situated in the drivers cab. The proportion of motor cars to trailers in trains is oneto one. The weight of these motor cars in running order,but without passenger load, is 33^ tons. August 21, 1909.] ELECTRIC RAILWAY JOURNAL. 291 AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC SWITCH-THROWING MACHINE The American Automatic Switch Company, New York,has recently developed a new and improved type of elec-tric switch-throwing apparatus, the details of which areshown in the accompanying engravings. It is designed toovercome trouble from water getting into the switch box,wear on the moving parts due to the presence of dirt andgrit and general wear and tear on the trolley Electric Switch-Throwing Mechanism, Showing MercuryStuffing Box The switch-throwing mechanism consists of two powerfulsolenoids having a common plunger, a rotating verticalshaft, to which the solenoid plunger is attached at thelower end, and an adjustable link connecting the crankarm formed on the upper end of the rotating shaft with alug cast or welded on the switch tongue. A semi-lockingdevice is attached to the mechanism to prevent the switchfrom moving after it has been thrown. The coils andplunger are enclosed in an iron box having an inner coverput on with bolts and a gasket to make it watertight. Thebox is set in the street alongside the switch, with theouter cover flush with the surface of the paving. Therotating shaft projects through the inner cover and turnsin a unique water and dust-proof stuffing box. This stuff-ing box consists essentially of a mercury seal, and the con-struction is clearly shown in the sectional engraving. Itis impossible for


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