Anæsthesia and anæsthetics general and local . pacocaine have been usedbut do not appear to have special advantages. Kopfstein re-ports fever, headache, and collapse after using alpha eucain. After effects. These are less marked and unpleasant than SPINAL ANAESTHESIA 157 after general anaesthesia. Nausea and vomiting occurs in from20 to 40 per cent, of the cases. Headache, pain in the legs,delirium, paralysis of the sphincters, and collapse may occur. Complications. Late complications are absent as a rule. Failure to produce anaesthesia occurs in some cases, and can-not always be attributed to
Anæsthesia and anæsthetics general and local . pacocaine have been usedbut do not appear to have special advantages. Kopfstein re-ports fever, headache, and collapse after using alpha eucain. After effects. These are less marked and unpleasant than SPINAL ANAESTHESIA 157 after general anaesthesia. Nausea and vomiting occurs in from20 to 40 per cent, of the cases. Headache, pain in the legs,delirium, paralysis of the sphincters, and collapse may occur. Complications. Late complications are absent as a rule. Failure to produce anaesthesia occurs in some cases, and can-not always be attributed to faulty technique. It may be neces-sary to give a general anaesthetic. Contraindications. Conditions which render general anaesthe-sia dangerous also bear the same relation to spinal should not be employed in children under 12 years. Itshould not be used when absolute muscular relaxation is neces-sary. It is contraindicated in most mental conditions. Someregard spinal anaesthesia as safer in kidney disease than general a <**. Fig. 48.—Comings Original Needles and Syringe. anaesthesia, but this is not yet proven. It should not be used foroperations lasting over one hour, or for those in which compli-cations are likely to arise and prolong the operation beyondthis period. Mortality. The mortality of spinal anaesthesia is not deaths as have occurred cannot be attributed solely tothe method of anaesthesia. Statistics, up to date, are inconclu-sive. It should not be used when local anaesthesia is possible. The solution and dose. The solution used should be weak(a one or two per cent, solution). It should be freshly pre-pared, sterilized by heating several times in a water bath at atemperature not exceeding 6o° C. The majority of operatorsuse a two per cent solution of cocaine as employed by Tuffier. 158 SPINAL ANAESTHESIA A quantity not to exceed 15 mgm. is injected. This quantitymay be exceeded but is likely to be followed by after effects. Accordi
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