. Revised and enlarged ed. of the science of railways . eration, including inter-est on investment, will not differ widely w^ietherthe operation be by one station with rotary sub-station; or one station with high tension trans-mission and low^ tension distribution to alternatingcurrent motors; or one station with high tensiondistribution to the cars; or two power stationswith boosters. Within certain limits, therefore,the choice of the system for use depends uponthe exact and definite schedule of service and thecost of materials and of power. THE ELEMENTS OF AN ELECTRIC RAILWAY. A consideratio
. Revised and enlarged ed. of the science of railways . eration, including inter-est on investment, will not differ widely w^ietherthe operation be by one station with rotary sub-station; or one station with high tension trans-mission and low^ tension distribution to alternatingcurrent motors; or one station with high tensiondistribution to the cars; or two power stationswith boosters. Within certain limits, therefore,the choice of the system for use depends uponthe exact and definite schedule of service and thecost of materials and of power. THE ELEMENTS OF AN ELECTRIC RAILWAY. A consideration of the elements in an engineer-ing plant should logically deal primarily withthe estal^lished bestpractice. But in elec-tric railway service thepractice of the presentis new, the conditions,the methods, and muchof the apparatus, havebeen evolved within thepast few years. Notonly have the new elec-tric elements undergonerapid development, bu1even the steam engine, the oldest and best- Kodak Engine direct conmcic*. established part of the ,^SSl^^^ *^^. 454 RAILWAY EQUIPMENT. system, has been greatly modified in design tomeet the new requirements of higher speed,closer regulation and increased economy overwide ranges of load. The application of elec-tricity to railway work will be set forth by con-sidering in detail the various elements of thesystem in order, depending largely upon the pres-ent practice in large stations, and in other casesstating the engineering conditions and require-ments. The direct current system will be consideredfirst, and then the modifications which result ifalternating current is used in part or in whole. The Power Station. Locatiofi, Etc. — The number and location ofpower stations depend upon the source of powerand local conditions. If water power is avail-able, the position is fixed; if steam is used, thenumber of stations which will secure the cheap-est operation is to be determined from the lengthof the line, the amount of traffic, the location o
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