. Canadian engineer. r cutting a hole in the ice andnoting the elevation of the water and gauging the thick-ness of the ice by means of an L-shaped are taken as to needle ice, slush, snow, ice-jams,and any sudden temperature changes. .y form of gauge may be used, but the chain-gaugeis the most satisfactory, as the staff-gauge, being frozento the ice, heaves with it, and also in cutting away theice from around it the figures are effaced. The automaticgauge gives trouble with the well freezing over. While the run-off, particularly during the wintermonths, does not vary directly i
. Canadian engineer. r cutting a hole in the ice andnoting the elevation of the water and gauging the thick-ness of the ice by means of an L-shaped are taken as to needle ice, slush, snow, ice-jams,and any sudden temperature changes. .y form of gauge may be used, but the chain-gaugeis the most satisfactory, as the staff-gauge, being frozento the ice, heaves with it, and also in cutting away theice from around it the figures are effaced. The automaticgauge gives trouble with the well freezing over. While the run-off, particularly during the wintermonths, does not vary directly in accordance with theprecipitation, the rate at which it reaches the streamsis, of course, dependent almost entirely upon the climaticconditions. There is, therefore, \ery little surface run-off, andern Canada which make it exceptionally difficult to makeestimates of the daily discharge during the winter. Thegauge height in many cases fluctuates very much, andoften sudden rises or drops occur. These rises are often. Gauging Station on Frenchman River. explained by the fact that during very cold spells a greatdeal of slush, frazil and anchor ice is formed and chokesup the channel, thus raising the surface of the water,when in reality the discharge is decreasing. Then, again,a chinook causes a sudden rise in temperature and thedischarge is often increased, while at the same time thegauge height gradually lowers, evidently because thewarmer weather and water have melted out a lot of theice from the channel and given it a greater carryingcapacity. In order to make reliable estimates of the daily dis-charge, gaugings must be made at short intervals andthe weather conditions and temperatures in the wholeof the drainage area above the stations must be verycarefully studied. The weather conditions and temperatures at thegauging station are not always typical for the wholedrainage basin above, and care must, theretore, be takento have the meteorological observations made at someother pl
Size: 1714px × 1458px
Photo credit: © Reading Room 2020 / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, bookidcanadianengineer30toro
