. The birds of Illinois and Wisconsin . l the black cap isabsent, and the general plumage isbuffy brown above and pale brown-ish white on under parts, withmore or less yellowish; head,tinged with yellow. Adult female: Upper parts,pale brownish olive; under parts,dull white, tinged with buff onsides and breast, and showingmore or less yellow, especially onthe throat; wings and tail, dusky;the feathers, with whitish edgings. Very young birds are strongly tinged with bufty and the wingfeathers edged with tawny buff. Length, to ; wing, to ; tail, 2; bill, . American Goldfin
. The birds of Illinois and Wisconsin . l the black cap isabsent, and the general plumage isbuffy brown above and pale brown-ish white on under parts, withmore or less yellowish; head,tinged with yellow. Adult female: Upper parts,pale brownish olive; under parts,dull white, tinged with buff onsides and breast, and showingmore or less yellow, especially onthe throat; wings and tail, dusky;the feathers, with whitish edgings. Very young birds are strongly tinged with bufty and the wingfeathers edged with tawny buff. Length, to ; wing, to ; tail, 2; bill, . American Goldfinch is an abundant summer resident in Illi-nois and Wisconsin and a few occasionally remain during the majority arrive from the south about May ist, although a fewreturn much earlier. Adult spring males of this species may be readilyrecognized by the bright yellow plumage and black wings and tail. The song of the male is a musical chee-wee or chee-e-wee, and attimes a faint whistle and twitter. The flight is a series of undu-. American Goldfinch. 578 Field Museum of Natural History — Zoology, Vol. IX. lations, usually accompanied on the downward swing by the familiarchee-e-wee. Nidification begins in May. The nest is built in large bushes orlow trees, and is woven of grass and plant fibre, lined with thistledown. The eggs are from 3 to 6, pale blue or bluish white in color,and measure about .66 x .47 inches. Genus SPINUS Koch. 243. Spinus pinus (Wils.). Pine Siskin. Distr.: North America generally, breeding in the British Prov-inces, Rocky Mountains, Sierra Nevada, and high mountains ofArizona, south to Lower California and the mountains of Mexico toOrizaba. Also breeds sparingly in northeastern United States.(A. O. U.) Adult: Upper plumage, streaked w4th pale brown and dark brown;under parts, grayish white, streaked with dusky; rump, yellow,
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