A treatise on the diseases of the ear including the anatomy and physiology of the organ together with the treatment of the affections of the nose and pharynx which conduce to aural disease . ed from the front, protects the patients face ILLUMIXATIOX OF ACCESSIBLE PARTS. 73 from the light and heat of the lamp. A flannel bag lined withwadding enables the chimney to be carried with additional safety,and allows of its being handled when hot. For examining the auricle, no instrument of any kind is required;the light should be allowed to fall directly upon it. For the exami-nation of the meatus and
A treatise on the diseases of the ear including the anatomy and physiology of the organ together with the treatment of the affections of the nose and pharynx which conduce to aural disease . ed from the front, protects the patients face ILLUMIXATIOX OF ACCESSIBLE PARTS. 73 from the light and heat of the lamp. A flannel bag lined withwadding enables the chimney to be carried with additional safety,and allows of its being handled when hot. For examining the auricle, no instrument of any kind is required;the light should be allowed to fall directly upon it. For the exami-nation of the meatus and of the membrana tympani it is necessarythat the light should be reflected into the ear from a suitablemirror, and in order to gain a clear view of the membrane, and ofthe deeper portion of the meatus, it is generally necessary toemploy some form of speculum. In the majority of cases, owingto the curved direction and small size of the meatus, the mem-brane is not visible unless a speculum be used. For reflecting light into the meatus, a small concave mirror isrequired. It should have a diameter of about two and a halfinches, and a focal distance of five or six inches. In the centre is. Fig. -24. a small elliptical opening, through which the observer inspects theilluminated structures. When direct sunlight is used, a flatmirror is required, in order that the eye may not be dazzled byexcessive light. The mirror may be attached either to a handle,or to a head-band by means of a ball and socket joint (Fig. 21) :the latter contrivance enables the surgeon to use both hands inoperating upon the ear. Fig. 25 represents the late ^Ir. Gardiner Browns hand differs from the old-fashioned mirrors in having an ellipticalopening instead of a circular one. The advantage of this is thatwhen the mirror is held obliquely, the sight is not interfered withby the rays of light reflected from the edges of the opening, tonearly the same extent as is the case when the opening is
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Keywords: ., boo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectear, bookyear1894
