Cyclopedia of heating, plumbing and sanitation; a complete reference work . rder that there mayhe an even distribution of water through all parts of them. As thestack> arc placed in the hascment of a building, and only a shortdistance above the boiler, extra lar-e pipe- must he u^iA to secure aproper circulation, for the head producing flow is small. The stack 123 ill HEATING AND VENTILATION casings, cold-air and warm-air pipes, and registers are the same asin steam heating. Types of Radiators. The radiators for indirect hot-water heatingare of the same general form as those used for steam.
Cyclopedia of heating, plumbing and sanitation; a complete reference work . rder that there mayhe an even distribution of water through all parts of them. As thestack> arc placed in the hascment of a building, and only a shortdistance above the boiler, extra lar-e pipe- must he u^iA to secure aproper circulation, for the head producing flow is small. The stack 123 ill HEATING AND VENTILATION casings, cold-air and warm-air pipes, and registers are the same asin steam heating. Types of Radiators. The radiators for indirect hot-water heatingare of the same general form as those used for steam. Those shownin Figs. 52, 53, 56, 106, and 107 are common patterns. The drumpin, Fig. 106, is an excellent form, as the method of making theconnections insures a uniform distribution of water through thestack. Fig. 107 shows a radiator of good form for water circulation, andalso of good depth, which is a necessary point in the design of hot-water radiators. They should be not less than 12 or 15 inches deepfor good results. Box coils of the form given for steam may also be. Fig. 106. •Drum Pin Indirect 1 Io1 Water Radiator. used, provided the connections for supply and return are made ofgood size. m Size of Stacks. As indirect hot-water heaters are used princi-pally in the warming of dwelling-houses, and in combination withdirect radiation, the easiest method is to compute the surfaces requiredfor direct radiation, and multiply these results by for pin radiatorsof good depth. For other forms the factor should vary from 2, depending upon the depth and proportion of free area for air-flow between the sections. If it is desired to calculate the required surface directly by thethermal unit method, we may allow an efficiency of from 3G0 to 400for good types in zero weather. 124 HEATING AND VENTILATft >N 115 In schoolhouse and hospital work, where larger volumes of airare warmed to lower temperatures, an efficiency as high as 500 B. T. U. may be allowed for radiators of
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