. Freight rates . the one hand and CentralFreight Association Territory on the other, as well assome points in Eastern Canada. Table 14 shows the westbound class rates from NewYork and other seaboard points to Chicago, via the vari-ous classes of routes, and the differentials that specitssaroutes are conceded under the all-rail rates. The necessity of these differentials is to equalize thecompetition of the direct and indirect lines. It is onlynatural that the more circuitous lines and those having arelatively slower service should adjust their rates withrelation to the rates established by th
. Freight rates . the one hand and CentralFreight Association Territory on the other, as well assome points in Eastern Canada. Table 14 shows the westbound class rates from NewYork and other seaboard points to Chicago, via the vari-ous classes of routes, and the differentials that specitssaroutes are conceded under the all-rail rates. The necessity of these differentials is to equalize thecompetition of the direct and indirect lines. It is onlynatural that the more circuitous lines and those having arelatively slower service should adjust their rates withrelation to the rates established by the direct all-rail lines,making the direct all-rail rates the standard by which theother rates are measured. From this comes the term* * standard all-rail rates. Diagram 9 indicates several of the more importantroutes sei-ving Chicago and New York. The all-railroutes are indicated by line 1; the rail-and-lake routes byline 2; Long Island Sound and the Canadian routes by 105 306 FKEIGIIT RATPJS—OFFICIAL TERRITORY. DEVELOPMENT OF PEUCENTAOK SYSTlvM 107 line 3; the ocean-and-rail routes through Virginia portsby line 4; the ocean-and-rail routes, through Baltimoreby line T); Hudson River and Erie Canal by line 6. During the season of navigation on the Great Lakesthere is not much choice between the service rendered viathe rail-and-Iake routes and that via the ocean-and-railroutes through the Virginia ports and Baltimore. Sincethe character of the service is the same, necessitatingtransshipping from vessel to car, or vice versa, at oneor more of the ports, we find that the charges or rates oftransportation are adjusted on approximately the samebasis.^ The route through Long Island Sound to New London,Conn., and thence via the Central Vermont Railway andits Canadian connections not only involves the trans-shipment feature but also a much greater distance. Tooffset this disadvantage, the rates via this line areadjusted on a somewhat lower basis than that whichobtains under the ocean-
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectrailroads, bookyear19
