. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. 660 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1:889. pyramidal in shape, were cast ou the bottom of the tram rail at the points where the stone supports came under the rail, the joiuts being dovetailed into each other; the need of any other form of joint fixture was thus dispensed with. These rails were about 5 inches wide, and weighed 42 pounds per yard. Fig. 30 is from a model of a cast rail patented by Losh and George Stephenson, of Killingsworth, Engl
. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. 660 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1:889. pyramidal in shape, were cast ou the bottom of the tram rail at the points where the stone supports came under the rail, the joiuts being dovetailed into each other; the need of any other form of joint fixture was thus dispensed with. These rails were about 5 inches wide, and weighed 42 pounds per yard. Fig. 30 is from a model of a cast rail patented by Losh and George Stephenson, of Killingsworth, England, in 1810. A half-lap joint was used, through which a horizontal pin was passed transversely and. Fig. 30. Edge Kail. Patented by Lush and Stephenson, laid on Stockton and Darlington Railroad, 1825. (1816.) (From model in the U. S. National Museum. ) joined the rails together, at the same time fastening tuein to the cast- iron chair. A large portion of the Stockton and Darlington Railroad was laid with this rail in 1825. ROLLED IRON KAILS INTRODUCED. Early in this century inventive genius increased the power of the stationary engine and the efficiency of the steam blast and of the ma- chinery for working and handling iron. The puddling furnace, first used in 1784, was radically improved by Henry Cort about the beginning of the century. He also invented and introduced the rolling mill about the same time, so that it became pos- Fig. 31. Lord Carlisle's Wrought-Iron Kail. (1811.) (From model in the I'. s National Museum.) sible to roll iron rails cheaply. These were at first rolled in lengths of about 12 feet. Drawings from the models of the early English rolled rails are shown. Fig. 31 is a bar rail laid in Lord Carlisle's quarries, 1811. Fig. 32, wrought iron rail, patented 1820, by John Birkeushaw, of the Bedlington Iron Works, England. A clause in the patent specifi- Fig. 32. Rail, Patented by John Birkenshaw. i 1820.) (From model in the V S National Museum.)
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Keywords: ., bookauthorsmithsonianinstitutio, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1840
