A brief history of the nations and of their progress in civilization . had resolved to throw themselves for support on themiddle class at Rome. Pompeius, sustained by his colleague,secured the abrogation of some of the essential changes madeby Sulla. The trib-unes received backtheir powers, andthe independence ofthe Assembly of theTribes was absolute powerof the Senate overthe law courts wastaken away. Thesemeasures were car-ried in spite of theresistance of thatbody. Pompeius wasaided by the great ad-vocate, Marcus Tul-lius Cicero. He wasborn at Arpinum in106 , of a
A brief history of the nations and of their progress in civilization . had resolved to throw themselves for support on themiddle class at Rome. Pompeius, sustained by his colleague,secured the abrogation of some of the essential changes madeby Sulla. The trib-unes received backtheir powers, andthe independence ofthe Assembly of theTribes was absolute powerof the Senate overthe law courts wastaken away. Thesemeasures were car-ried in spite of theresistance of thatbody. Pompeius wasaided by the great ad-vocate, Marcus Tul-lius Cicero. He wasborn at Arpinum in106 , of an eques-trian family. He hadbeen a diligent stu-dent of law and politics, and also of the Greek philosophy, andaspired to distinction in civil life. He studied rhetoric underMolo, first at Eome and then at Rhodes, during a period ofabsence from Italy which continued about two years. On hisreturn (in ) he resumed legal practice. Cicero was aman of extraordinary and various talents, and a patriot, sin-cerely attached to the republican constitution. His political. ClOBKO {Capitoline iluseum, Home) 156 ROME sympathy was with the niiiuerous middle class in Italy. Hewas equally averse to the extreme party in favor of the con-servative oligarchy and to the supporters of a purely demo-cratic rule. He was humane and sensitive, and much more aman of peace than his eminent contemporaries. His foibles, thechief of which was the love of praise, were on the surface; and,if he lacked some of the robust qualities of the great Romanleaders of that day, he was likewise free from some of their captivating oratory of Cicero found a field for its exercisein the impeachment of Verres, whose rapacity, as Roman gov-ernor of Sicily, had fairly desolated that wealthy showed such vigor in the prosecution that Verres wasdriven into exile. This event weakened the senatorial oli-garchy, and helped Pompeius in his contest with it. War with the Pirates. — In 65 Pompeius r
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