. Gynecology : . LA\\o> T. Fig. 176.—Epispadias. Exstrophy and epispadias are comparatively rare conditions in the these malformations are different grades of the same embryonic defect. In the early stages of development the cloacal membrane reaches to theprimitive belly-stalk or forerunner of the umbilical cord. As the embryo growsthe upper portion of this membrane disappears as the sides of the abdominalwall and pelvis join, while the lower part corresponds to the opening of the uro-genital sinus and the rectum. DEFECTS OF DEVELOPMENT 447 Under abnormal conditions the cloa
. Gynecology : . LA\\o> T. Fig. 176.—Epispadias. Exstrophy and epispadias are comparatively rare conditions in the these malformations are different grades of the same embryonic defect. In the early stages of development the cloacal membrane reaches to theprimitive belly-stalk or forerunner of the umbilical cord. As the embryo growsthe upper portion of this membrane disappears as the sides of the abdominalwall and pelvis join, while the lower part corresponds to the opening of the uro-genital sinus and the rectum. DEFECTS OF DEVELOPMENT 447 Under abnormal conditions the cloacal membrane may partially or entirelypersist, due to the incomplete merging in the middle line of the sides of themuscular abdominal wall or of the pelvis. The thin epithelial cloacal membrane ^=- iHntestwie. 3A\cmW== I S *?? ^WjbcAtr CloaccxV =^ povrvrt o^ 3fcmWugg buc\s ^j^ (oloo-co, Fig. 177.—Common cloaca into which thegut and the allantois empty. The cloacal mem-brane reaches to the region of the later bladderand ur
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