Cyclopedia of architecture, carpentry, and building : a general reference work . three Listels or Annulets below it. The abacus,or upper member of the cap, is a plain block, rectangular inelevation, and is the only member of this column that is squarein plan. The echinus, or lower member of the capital, is invertical section always a freehand curve. This curve approachesan ellipse or hyperbola, the lower part of which ends in a series offillets varying from two to five in number. These fillets carry aroundbelow the echinus moulding, and separate the capital from thechanneled neck or shaft of t
Cyclopedia of architecture, carpentry, and building : a general reference work . three Listels or Annulets below it. The abacus,or upper member of the cap, is a plain block, rectangular inelevation, and is the only member of this column that is squarein plan. The echinus, or lower member of the capital, is invertical section always a freehand curve. This curve approachesan ellipse or hyperbola, the lower part of which ends in a series offillets varying from two to five in number. These fillets carry aroundbelow the echinus moulding, and separate the capital from thechanneled neck or shaft of the column. A necking is sometimessuggested by separating a certain portion of the column from theremainder of the shaft by a deeply sunk channel. This squarechannel or sinkage takes the place of an astragal; and the necking ofthe column cap is always either plain or fluted, being treated to agreewith the column shaft. The total height of the Doric capital is onemodule, or one-half the column diameter at the base. General Rule for Height of Shaft. The proportion of the necking. Fig. 55. Method of Fluting Greek DoricColumns. 61 106 STUDY OF THE ORDERS to tlie hase of the coluinn, as sliow ii in the order, PUite XXXVIII, is as4S parts or minutes eoinpared to GO; while the heiglit of tlie shaft,inchiding the ca})ital, varies in ancient examples, but, for our presentpurpose, may be taken as being seven diameters of the column, asshown in Fig. 50. The column used on the Parthenon will, by refer-ence to the example in Plate XXXVII, be found to be only five andone-half diameters in height, instead of the seven diameters which hasjust been recommended. But this apparent contradiction is explainedby two facts. In the first place, the column of the Parthenon is un-doubtedly the most perfect that could be devised for use as it is thereenij)loyed—in very large size and under a wide, flat, spreading pedi-ment with a long colonnade on each returning side of the for modern purpo
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