. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology. 396 A. W. GENTRY. Fig. 16 Gomphotherium cooperi. Occlusal view of left M3 and back of M; Dabtiyah. Anterior side to the left, x 0-75. , from Ad Description. The teeth all come from one or more species of bunodont, trilophodont mastodon. Except for they are preserved only as crowns which has made identifica- tion as uppers or lowers less secure in some cases. The M3s have four lophids plus a posterior cingulum; the M3 has three lophs and that of has four. The third and fourth lophs and lophids show signs
. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology. 396 A. W. GENTRY. Fig. 16 Gomphotherium cooperi. Occlusal view of left M3 and back of M; Dabtiyah. Anterior side to the left, x 0-75. , from Ad Description. The teeth all come from one or more species of bunodont, trilophodont mastodon. Except for they are preserved only as crowns which has made identifica- tion as uppers or lowers less secure in some cases. The M3s have four lophids plus a posterior cingulum; the M3 has three lophs and that of has four. The third and fourth lophs and lophids show signs of chevroning (forwardly-directed indenting in their centres). The cones and conules of the lophs and lophids are moderate- to high-crowned. In and they give the appearance of growing out of a basal shelf and the lower parts of their sides are not closely pressed to one another. Small cingular tubercles may be visible between cones. Besides the main (outside) cone in each half loph or lophid there is one additional conelet budded off towards the longitudinal median line of the tooth. shows an irregularly surfaced swelling on the rear of the posttrite of the anterior loph, which could be taken as a rudimentary posterior conelet. The lower tusk is peg-like, has a slight twist, a concave upper surface and convex lower surface in cross section, and longitudinal grooves and striations on its lower surface. The latter feature is reminiscent of hippopotamus canines. No enamel band is visible along its outer surfaces. The length, as preserved, is 345 mm and its mid-length diameters 45-3 x 28 mm. The two postcranial bones, , will not be considered further. Table 2 Measurements in mm of molars of Gomphotherium cooperi (Osborn) from Saudi Arabia. Width Maximum across Maximum Specimen length 1st loph(-id) width M3 136 c. 600 64-2 M3 147 64-3 70-6 M3 c. 157 c. 690 c. 761 M3 148 c. 630 66-8 M3 c. 147 761 c. 780
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