Diseases of fruits and nuts Diseases of fruits and nuts diseasesoffruits120smit Year: 1941 12 California Agricultural Extension Service [Cir. 120 The eause of this conditioiT is not always the sHine; it is soiiietiines dne to bacteria] j>'iimniosis (p. 6), sometimes to Phiifophfhnra caiikei- ;d the base of the tree (p. 8 anrl Ho-. ,S) ; oeensioiially it is confused with blaekheart (p. 6) or other diseases; and again it may be a direct cli- matic or soil-moisture effect, like injury to the roots by standing water. Most of the diseases mentioned are greatly influenced by seasonal con- ditio
Diseases of fruits and nuts Diseases of fruits and nuts diseasesoffruits120smit Year: 1941 12 California Agricultural Extension Service [Cir. 120 The eause of this conditioiT is not always the sHine; it is soiiietiines dne to bacteria] j>'iimniosis (p. 6), sometimes to Phiifophfhnra caiikei- ;d the base of the tree (p. 8 anrl Ho-. ,S) ; oeensioiially it is confused with blaekheart (p. 6) or other diseases; and again it may be a direct cli- matic or soil-moisture effect, like injury to the roots by standing water. Most of the diseases mentioned are greatly influenced by seasonal con- ditions, so that sour sap is onlj serious in certain seasons when favorable weather occurs. Usually by the time an outbreak develops, the damage has already Fig. 2.—Sour sap of young almond trees, commonly caused by crown rot. (Seep. 8.) taken place and it is too late to do very much about it. Experience often shows that almonds or other kinds of trees cannot safely be planted in certain places on account of this trouble. In other cases, however, good- sized orchard trees which have previously been healthy fail to start in spring and develop sour sap. This is usually after wet winters. In such cases as soon as the trouble is discovered, the soil should be dug away from the bases of all trees, whether the top shows any trouble or not. If dead areas of bark or cankers are found at the ground level (fig. 3), these should be carefully cut out on trees which are not more than half girdled, the wounds swabbed with corrosive sublimate 1-1,000 (p. 159) or the disinfectant recommended for pear blight (p. 159), and then, after drying for several days, covered with bordeaux paste (p. 157). The basins around the trees should be left open all summer or as long as possible. If the ground level is such that the dirt is inclined to come up above the
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