. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. OLE ACE AE 83. 555. Syringa L. Flowers homogamous, rarely protandrous or protogynous; aggregated into large conspicuous inflorescences; with concealed nectar, secreted in the base of the corolla-tube by the ovary. 1847. S. vulgaris L. (Sprengel, 'Entd. pp. 47-8; Herm. MuUer, 'Fertilisation,' pp. 392-3, 'Weit. Beob.,' Ill, p. 62 ; Kirchner, 'Flora v. Stuttgart,' P- 537 ; Warnstorf, Schr. natw. Ver., Wernigerode, xi, 1896 ; Knuth, ' Bl. u. Insekt. a. d.
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. OLE ACE AE 83. 555. Syringa L. Flowers homogamous, rarely protandrous or protogynous; aggregated into large conspicuous inflorescences; with concealed nectar, secreted in the base of the corolla-tube by the ovary. 1847. S. vulgaris L. (Sprengel, 'Entd. pp. 47-8; Herm. MuUer, 'Fertilisation,' pp. 392-3, 'Weit. Beob.,' Ill, p. 62 ; Kirchner, 'Flora v. Stuttgart,' P- 537 ; Warnstorf, Schr. natw. Ver., Wernigerode, xi, 1896 ; Knuth, ' Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. Ins.,' pp. 103, 164.)—The flowers of this species, and also those of the two following ones, are bluish-lilac, rarely white in colour, fragrant, and aggregated into large conspicuous inflorescences. They are usually homogamous, more rarely protandrous or protogynous ac- cording to Batalin (Bot. Ztg., Leipzig, xxviii, 1870, pp. 54-5). The corolla-tube is 8-10 mm. long and about 2 mm. in diameter. Its lower part is filled for 2-4 mm. by the nectar which the ovary secretes abundantly. The anthers are situated in the entrance of the flower at a higher level than the stigma, so that the proboscis of an insect-visitor will first touch the former and then the latter. This does not result, however, in self-pollination of the homogamous flowers, the reason being that pollen does not adhere to the proboscis when it is pushed in, but only during withdrawal, after it has been moistened with nectar. Insects which suck nectar will therefore regularly effect crossing, but those which devour pollen always bring about autogamy. Should insect-visits fail, the latter takes place automatically by fall of pollen upon the stigma. Kerner says that during the early days of anthesis autogamy is rendered difficult because the anthers are turned outwards, but when they shrivel later on it can easily take place. Warnstorf describes the pollen-grains as yellow in colour, more or less ellip- soida
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