. The endocrine organs; an introduction to the study of internal secretion . G. 18. — Myxcedema of child (A) before and (B) after treatment with thyroid. (Byrom Bramwell.) The highest functions of the nervous system remain undeveloped, the child becoming idiotic: this seems tobe due to an arrested development ofcells of the cortex cerebri. The above combination of symptomsforms the condition known as may be either sporadic or former is generally associated withabsence or early atrophy of the thyroid ;the latter with goitrous endemic cretinism, accordi
. The endocrine organs; an introduction to the study of internal secretion . G. 18. — Myxcedema of child (A) before and (B) after treatment with thyroid. (Byrom Bramwell.) The highest functions of the nervous system remain undeveloped, the child becoming idiotic: this seems tobe due to an arrested development ofcells of the cortex cerebri. The above combination of symptomsforms the condition known as may be either sporadic or former is generally associated withabsence or early atrophy of the thyroid ;the latter with goitrous endemic cretinism, according toMCarrison, there are in the Himalayanvalleys two types, the myxredematousand the nervous : the latter is presum-ably associated with changes in theparathyroids; whilst in the former theparathyroids are unaltered. This isthe type chiefly met with in Europe(fig. 19). The symptoms do not show them-selves until some little while afterbirth, in spite of the absence of a thyroid. The absence appears to becompensated, for a time at any rate, by autacoids conveyed from the. FIG. 19.—Photograph of a case of endemiccretinism. (E. Bin-her.) The character-istic depression of the root of the noseis well seen. Effects of Removal or Atrophy of Thyroid 31 mothers thyroid to the child; before birth through the placenta, afterbirth through the milk. When the atrophy is congenital it usually takesthe form of complete lack of development of the thyroid proper—the para-thyroids are generally present and well developed — the condition ofcretinism and all the above symptoms being well marked. If in the adult subject either thyroid atrophy occurs or such degenera-tive changes take place in the gland as materially affect its functions, thecondition known as myxoedema (or myxcedema adultorum to distinguishit from the corresponding affection of the child) becomes manifested(fig. 20). This condition, which is much more common in females than inmales, was described by Gull in 1873, and recogni
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