Crawford Long, American Surgeon, Pioneer of Anesthesia
Crawford Williamson Long (1815-1878) was an American surgeon and pharmacist best known for his first use of inhaled diethyl ether as an anesthetic. He noticed this when he saw his friends felt no pain when they injured themselves while staggering around under the influence of ether. Long used ether for the first time on March 30, 1842 to remove a tumor (cysts) from the neck of a student, James Venable. Long subsequently used ether as an anesthetic in amputations and childbirth. The results of these trials were published in 1849 in The Southern Medical and Surgical Journal. An original copy of this publication is held in the National Library of Medicine. In 1846, William Morton administered ether anesthesia before a medical audience at the Massachusetts General Hospital and is generally credited with the first public demonstration of ether anesthesia. In 1854, Long requested that Georgia Senator William Dawson present his claims of ether anesthesia discovery to the attention of Congress. He lived to the age of 62.
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