. The gardens, poultry, and bees; embracing. Gardening; Poultry; Bees. 40 THE FAEM. THE FRUIT-GARDEN.—THE FRUITS TO In " The Kitchbn-Garpen" we have described the fruits appropriate to it, and their modes of culture. We will here confine our attention to the Fruit-Garden proper, and its appropriate fruits, which are Apples, Fears, Peaches, Flnms, Cherries, Apricots, Nectarines. Before proceeding to describe the varieties and mode of culture of the particular fruits, we will speak' concisely of the different methods of pro- pagation, planting, and pruning. HOW TO PROPAGATE
. The gardens, poultry, and bees; embracing. Gardening; Poultry; Bees. 40 THE FAEM. THE FRUIT-GARDEN.—THE FRUITS TO In " The Kitchbn-Garpen" we have described the fruits appropriate to it, and their modes of culture. We will here confine our attention to the Fruit-Garden proper, and its appropriate fruits, which are Apples, Fears, Peaches, Flnms, Cherries, Apricots, Nectarines. Before proceeding to describe the varieties and mode of culture of the particular fruits, we will speak' concisely of the different methods of pro- pagation, planting, and pruning. HOW TO PROPAGATE FRUIT-TREES—This is effected by Seeds, Cut- tings, Layers, Grafting, and Budding. Cuttings consist of a portion of the wood of one year's growth inserted into the soil. They should be from eight to ten inches long, and all the lower buds removed. The earth should be closely pressed about them, and mulched, and the cutting shielded from the direct rays of the sun. The gooseberry, currant, grape and quince are easily propagated by cuttings. layers.—The annexed figure will show how layeringis accomplished. If a cut be made on the under side of the branch, as shown in the engrav- ing, it will facilitate the striking of roots. The center should be buried about four inches in the soil. It may be done in spring, or about mid- summer, and the roots transplanted the following spring. After the buds of the grape-vine have' started a few inches it may be laid along the sur- face and covered with soil, when each bud will take root. Grafting.—The following are the different forms described by J. J. Thomas in the " American Fruit ; The annexed figures repre- sent the two most common modes of grafting fruit-trees; figs. 15 to 18 representing successive stages of tongue or whip grafting, from the slop- ing cut of the scion and stock, to the completion of the ope- ration by the covering with the wax plaster. Fig. 19 shows a stock cut off for cleft-grafting with the
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