. Agriculture for beginners. Fig. 75 Unthinned ^^l^j^:;:: Fig. 76Properly thinned Cutting an end bud of a shoot or branch always sendsthe nourishment and growth into the side buds. Trim-ming or pinching off the side buds throws the growth intothe end bud. You can therefore cause your tree to takealmost any shape you desire. The difference between thetrees shown in Figs. 73 and 74 is entirely the result ofpruning. Fig. 74 illustrates in general a correctly shapedtree. It is evenly balanced, admits light freely, and yet hasenough foliage to prevent sun scald. Figs. 75 and j6 showthe effect of ju
. Agriculture for beginners. Fig. 75 Unthinned ^^l^j^:;:: Fig. 76Properly thinned Cutting an end bud of a shoot or branch always sendsthe nourishment and growth into the side buds. Trim-ming or pinching off the side buds throws the growth intothe end bud. You can therefore cause your tree to takealmost any shape you desire. The difference between thetrees shown in Figs. 73 and 74 is entirely the result ofpruning. Fig. 74 illustrates in general a correctly shapedtree. It is evenly balanced, admits light freely, and yet hasenough foliage to prevent sun scald. Figs. 75 and j6 showthe effect of judiciously thinning the branches. 90 AGRICULTURE FOR BEGINNERS The best time to prune is either in the winter or beforethe buds start in the spring. Winter pruning tends tofavor wood production, while summer pruning lessens woodproduction and induces fruitage. Each particular kind of fruitrequires special pruning; forexample, the peach should bemade to assume the shape. •yjiiAisu •/>/,vv Fig. 77. The Customary Way OF PRUNING A PeACH Fig. 78. Two YearOld TreeCut off heel, A illustrated in Fig. yy. This is done by successive trim-mings, following the plan illustrated in Figs. 71, 78, will gain several advantages from these , nourishment will be forced into the peach bud thatyou set on your stock. This will secure a vigorous growth ofthe scion. A second trimming will take off the heel,^, HOW TO RAISE A FRUIT TREE 91 Fig. 79. ThreeYear Old Tree CUT BACK close to the tree, and thus prevent decay at this point. One year after budding you should reduce the tree to a whip, as in Fig. 79, by trimming at the dotted line inFig. 78. This establishes the head ofyour tree, which in the case of the peachshould be very low, — that is, about sixteeninches from the ground, — in order that alow foliage may lessen the danger of sunscald to the main trunk. In pruning never leave a stump suchas is shown in Fig. 78, //. Such a stumphav
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