. Transactions . ber, in which loads of 30 cwts. are transported over a length of 2^miles, over an average gradient of 1 in 5, there being a number of longspans, the maximum of which is over 2,000 feet between supports. These are only examples of a number of lines which might be men-tioned, but the object of the author is not to enumerate the work thathe has carried out, but to mention special examples which illustratehis argument as to the selection of the proper type of tramway for each situation. 30 366 VARIOUS TYPES OP ROPEWAYS. (4) Single Fixed Ropes.—The fourth type or single fixed rope
. Transactions . ber, in which loads of 30 cwts. are transported over a length of 2^miles, over an average gradient of 1 in 5, there being a number of longspans, the maximum of which is over 2,000 feet between supports. These are only examples of a number of lines which might be men-tioned, but the object of the author is not to enumerate the work thathe has carried out, but to mention special examples which illustratehis argument as to the selection of the proper type of tramway for each situation. 30 366 VARIOUS TYPES OP ROPEWAYS. (4) Single Fixed Ropes.—The fourth type or single fixed rope withone carrier is most suitable for situations where moderate quantitieshave to be transported, and for heavy individual loads and over greatspans and steep inclines it is cheaper in first cost and maintenancethan the third type, and simpler to erect and to manipulate. Thearrangement consists of one single fixed rope in which one carrier isemployed, this carrier being drawn to and fro by suitable motive Fig. 3. The carrier hanging from the fixed rope is moved to and fro by meansof an endless hauling-rope, operated by suitable driving-gear andtightening-gear, the driving-gear being arranged with reversing-gear,so that the direction in which the hauling-rope runs may be changed bythe driver. The fixed rope is supported on posts at intervals of about300 feet, and the hauling-rope is carried on pulleys fitted with guide-bars, placed in the centre of the post over which the carrier passes, the VARIOUS TYPES OF ROPEWAYS. 367 posts being so arranged as to allow of the carriers passing throughthem. The return hauling-rope is carried on an outside pulley carriedon an arm of the post. The hauling-rope is attached to the carrier-head by a peculiarly shaped pendant, which causes it to pass under thesaddle-transom. Having used this type of tramway for some years fortransporting large quantities over short distances, viz., at Nine ElmsGas-works, London, where quantities of 400 ton
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