Handbook to the ethnographical collections . PLATE Iron scale-aniioui. Tibot. [_Fuce p. 70 NORTHERN AND CENTRAL ASIA 71 modification of a North Indian alphabet of the seventh century,was introduced with Buddhism. In a. d. 747 the Guru Padma-Sambhava of Udyana, north-west of Kashmir (now deified), wasinvited to Tibet by the reigning king, and lie is the founderof Lamaism. La-ma is a Tibetan word meaning the Superior One,and is a title which should properly be given only to abbots andsuperiors. The Lama of Saskya was accorded temporal powerby Kublai Khan in the thirteenth century, but the
Handbook to the ethnographical collections . PLATE Iron scale-aniioui. Tibot. [_Fuce p. 70 NORTHERN AND CENTRAL ASIA 71 modification of a North Indian alphabet of the seventh century,was introduced with Buddhism. In a. d. 747 the Guru Padma-Sambhava of Udyana, north-west of Kashmir (now deified), wasinvited to Tibet by the reigning king, and lie is the founderof Lamaism. La-ma is a Tibetan word meaning the Superior One,and is a title which should properly be given only to abbots andsuperiors. The Lama of Saskya was accorded temporal powerby Kublai Khan in the thirteenth century, but the Ming dynastyof China raised the heads of two other monasteries to equal was now that the religious hierarchy overshadowed and reducedthe j)ower of hereditary secular chiefs. Sects appear to havedeveloped from the eleventh century, initiating a reform againstthe depravity of the Lamaism of the time. The Gc-lug-pa sect (theVirtuous order), attained the pre-eminence, and secured thepriest-kingship of Tibet. In 1650 the priest-king was con-fir
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