. Essentials of medical and clinical chemistry. With laboratory exercises . ve changes of color are reversed. Phenyl-hydrazin Test.—A very certain though somewhat tedioustest is made by mixing in a dish 25 Cc. of suspected urine, 1 phenyl-hydrazine hydrochlorate, .75 gm. of sodium acetate and,unless the urine is already sufficiently diluted, 10 Cc. of water 204 ESSENTIALS OF CHEMISTRY. Heat the dish on a water-bath for an hour: when removed andallowed to cool there will appear, if sugar is present, a yellowishdeposit of phenyl-glucosazon, which under the lens is seen to con-sist of bundl
. Essentials of medical and clinical chemistry. With laboratory exercises . ve changes of color are reversed. Phenyl-hydrazin Test.—A very certain though somewhat tedioustest is made by mixing in a dish 25 Cc. of suspected urine, 1 phenyl-hydrazine hydrochlorate, .75 gm. of sodium acetate and,unless the urine is already sufficiently diluted, 10 Cc. of water 204 ESSENTIALS OF CHEMISTRY. Heat the dish on a water-bath for an hour: when removed andallowed to cool there will appear, if sugar is present, a yellowishdeposit of phenyl-glucosazon, which under the lens is seen to con-sist of bundles of needle-like crystals radiating from a commoncenter. Quantitative.— (i) Fermentation. Each degree of specificgravity lost in fermenting represents one grain of sugar to theounce of the twenty-four hours urine. (2) Fehlings. Two hundred minims of the solution is decolor-ized by one grain of sugar. Two hundred minims (grains) of thetest solution are measured off into a small flask, diluted withtwice its bulk of water, and gently boiled (Fig. 57). A gradu- Fig. ated burette (also shown in figure) is then filled to zero with theurine. To the boiling test solution, the urine is added drop bydrop till the blue color is discharged. By the graduations on theburette the quantity of urine added is easily read. As that repre-sents one grain of sugar, the amount of sugar in the entire urineis easily calculated. 3. Alkali Test. A light yellow indicates one per cent.; darkamber, two per cent.; sherry wine, three per cent.; dark Jamaicarum, five per cent.; and dark, almost opaque, ten per cent. PART III. CLINICAL CHEMISTRY. 205 Acetone is found in the urine in cases where there is great de-composition of tissue albumin, as in high fevers, diabetes mellitus,carcinoma (in the stages of breaking down), inanition, mania andintestinal auto-intoxication. It is said to be a constituent of nor-mal urine, but only as a trace. It often precedes a more danger-ous symptom, namely, diaceturi
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