. The Conservation Atlas of Tropical Forests: Africa. 31 Uganda land area 199,550sq. km Papulation (mid-1990) 18 million Population growth rate in 1990 3 6 per cent Population projected to 2020 42 2 million Gross national product per capita (1988) US$280 Rain forest (see mop) 8795 sq kmt Closed broadleaved forest (end 1980)' 7500 sq km Annual deforestation rote (1981-5)' 100 sq km Industrial roundwood productionf 1,858,000 cu m Industrial roundwood exports! nd Fuelwood and charcoal productionf 12,507,000 cu m Processed wood productionf 31,000 cu m Processed wood exportsf nd • f*0(l988) t 1989
. The Conservation Atlas of Tropical Forests: Africa. 31 Uganda land area 199,550sq. km Papulation (mid-1990) 18 million Population growth rate in 1990 3 6 per cent Population projected to 2020 42 2 million Gross national product per capita (1988) US$280 Rain forest (see mop) 8795 sq kmt Closed broadleaved forest (end 1980)' 7500 sq km Annual deforestation rote (1981-5)' 100 sq km Industrial roundwood productionf 1,858,000 cu m Industrial roundwood exports! nd Fuelwood and charcoal productionf 12,507,000 cu m Processed wood productionf 31,000 cu m Processed wood exportsf nd • f*0(l988) t 1989 dololromFAO (1991) t Figure derived ftom on old source mop. Howord's (1991) ligureof 7,400 sq. km is probably o closer reflection of the true At the turn of the century, Uganda's forests extended over an estimated per cent of the country; today they cover less than 3 per cent. This depletion can be attributed to the demand from the rapidly growing human population for agricul- tural land and for wood. The issues of deforestation in Uganda revolve round the classic conflict between shon-term, non-sustainable exploitation on the one hand and long-term sustainable management on the other. Ineffective law enforcement during times of political and economic turmoil and high population growth tilted the balance of this conflict towards deforestation. Recently, however, the forests have come under stricter control. Several large-scale international projects have been initiated to strengthen national capacity to conserve and manage forests. The fate of the forests of Uganda is likely to be decided within the next five years. Introduction Uganda is a comparatively small, landlocked country straddling the equator in East Africa. It lies between 4"07'N and I'BO'S lati- tude and between 29°33'W and 35°20'E longitude. It is bordered to the north by Sudan, by Kenya to the east, Zaire to the west and Rwanda and Tanzania to the south. The total area of the country is 2
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