Richard E. Taylor, Canadian Physicist
Richard Edward Taylor (born November 2, 1929) is a Canadian physicist. He received his BSc (1950) and MSc (1952) degrees from the University of Alberta. He applied to work for a PhD degree at Stanford University, where he joined the High Energy Physics Laboratory. Several years later Taylor worked on the design and construction of the equipment for the Stanford Linear Accelerator. The experiments run at SLAC in the late 1960s and early 1970s involved scattering high-energy beams of electrons from protons and deuterons and heavier nuclei. At lower energies, it had already been found that the electrons would only be scattered through low angles, consistent with the idea that the nucleons had no internal structure. However, the SLAC-MIT experiments showed that higher energy electrons could be scattered through much higher angles, with the loss of some energy. These deep inelastic scattering results provided the first experimental evidence that the protons and neutrons were made up of point-like particles, later identified to be the up and down quarks that had previously been proposed on theoretical grounds. The experiments also provided the first evidence for the existence of gluons. Taylor, Friedman and Kendall were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in 1990 "for their pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics." Photograph dated 1967.
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