Care and feeding of infants and children; a text-book for trained nurses . uring a specimen ot undergo decomposition and develop myriads of bacteria ofvarious kinds. Normal Constituknts of the Urixe.—The chief normalconstituents of the urine are urates, uric acid, phosphates, andchlorides, all of which vary much under normal conditions andn l62 CARE OF INFANTS AND CHILDREN will depend largely upon the amount and character of the foodingested. Eighty to 85 per cent, of the nitrogen representing themetabolism of albuminous food is excreted in the urine. Thereis also a considerable difference in
Care and feeding of infants and children; a text-book for trained nurses . uring a specimen ot undergo decomposition and develop myriads of bacteria ofvarious kinds. Normal Constituknts of the Urixe.—The chief normalconstituents of the urine are urates, uric acid, phosphates, andchlorides, all of which vary much under normal conditions andn l62 CARE OF INFANTS AND CHILDREN will depend largely upon the amount and character of the foodingested. Eighty to 85 per cent, of the nitrogen representing themetabolism of albuminous food is excreted in the urine. Thereis also a considerable difference in the quantity of various saltsin the urine, depending on whether a baby is breast- or bottle-fed. Bacteria in the Urine.—Under normal conditions urine ispractically sterile when passed and contains no albumin or an infectious illness great numbers of bacteria may bepassed in the urine. Certain children when in the upright posi-tion have albumin in the urine without any inflammatory condi-. ?Apparatuf in p! tion of the kidneys being present. This condition is known asorthostatic albuminuria. When in the recumbent position thealbumin disappears. Blood-cells are within very narrow limitsalso abnormal in the urine, and if found in any numbers alwaysmean some inflammatory condition somewhere along the urinarytract. A urine which is too concentrated as a result of excessivemeat, fruit or salt in the diet, may cause inflammation and severeirritation without any infection being present. Deposits.—Whenever the urine is abnormal in color orcontains an abnormal amount of deposit of any kind, a specimenshould be sent to the physician for examination, together withall the symptoms observed. THE URINE 163 Incontinence of Urine Incontinence of urine in older children is of common occur-rence, in both boys and girls. Many children who control their bladders perfectly duringthe day wet the bed at night and without knowing that anythinghas happened. Some children have also impe
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