. The ready-reference handbook of diseases of the skin. nd Part I. ofDuhrings Cutaneous Medicine. The skin is made up of three distinct layers, namely : 1,the epidermis; 2, the derma, also named the cutis vera orcorium; and, 3, the subcutaneous connective tissue. Theappendages of the skin are the hair and the nails, the seba-ceous and the sweat glands. This complicated structure issupplied with bloodvessels, lymphatics, and nerves. Epidermis. The epidermis is composed of four layers,called strata, namely : 1, the stratum corneum; 2, the stratumlucidum; 3, the stratum granulosum; and, 4, the st
. The ready-reference handbook of diseases of the skin. nd Part I. ofDuhrings Cutaneous Medicine. The skin is made up of three distinct layers, namely : 1,the epidermis; 2, the derma, also named the cutis vera orcorium; and, 3, the subcutaneous connective tissue. Theappendages of the skin are the hair and the nails, the seba-ceous and the sweat glands. This complicated structure issupplied with bloodvessels, lymphatics, and nerves. Epidermis. The epidermis is composed of four layers,called strata, namely : 1, the stratum corneum; 2, the stratumlucidum; 3, the stratum granulosum; and, 4, the stratummucosum. Of these strata, the two that most concern usare the first and the last—that is, the stratum corneum andthe stratum mucosum. The other layers of the skin may, 1 Handbuch der Hautkrankkeiten, Bd. xiv. Ziemssens Encyclopaedia. 2 14 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS. for our present purpose, be regarded as simply transition-layers through which an epithelial cell passes on its develop-mental way to become a fully formed and rightly compacted Fig. Vertical section through the skin. (After Heitzmann.) Diagrammatic. ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE SKIN. 15 corneous cell. Each of the four strata of the epidermis isdivided again into layers, but these are of no practical im-portance. The stratum eorneum consists of a series of superimposedlayers of flattened, elongated cells, that increase in flatnessfrom below upward. The upper layers are called cells of each layer are united to each other so muchcloser than the layer itself is united to those above andbelow it, that when an effusion takes place into the stratumeorneum a layer of cells in the affected area is raised, andthe fluid is found between two layers. The lamellated scal-ing met with in certain scaly diseases, such as dermatitisexfoliativa, in which great plates of scales are readily re-movable, is likewise due to this close relation between thecells of each layer. This stratum is largely a protectiveone, its
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