. The anatomy of the domestic animals . Veterinary anatomy. 670 BLOOD-VASCULAE SYSTEM OF THE HORSE (1) The umbilical artery is given off from the internal pudic about an inch (ea. 2-3 cm.) from the origin of that vessel. It is a very large artery in the foetus, in which it curves downward and forward at the side of the bladder in the edge of the lateral umbilical fold of peritoneum, passes through the umbilical open- ing, becomes a component of the umbilical cord, and ramifies in the foetal placenta. After birth it extends only to the vertex of the bladder arid is much reduced. Its lumen is al
. The anatomy of the domestic animals . Veterinary anatomy. 670 BLOOD-VASCULAE SYSTEM OF THE HORSE (1) The umbilical artery is given off from the internal pudic about an inch (ea. 2-3 cm.) from the origin of that vessel. It is a very large artery in the foetus, in which it curves downward and forward at the side of the bladder in the edge of the lateral umbilical fold of peritoneum, passes through the umbilical open- ing, becomes a component of the umbilical cord, and ramifies in the foetal placenta. After birth it extends only to the vertex of the bladder arid is much reduced. Its lumen is almost obliterated and its wall is very thick, giving the vessel a cord-like character, hence it is commonly termed the round ligament of the bladder.^ It gives off small vesical branches (Aa. vesicales craniales) to the bladder, and twigs to the prostate and ductus deferens in the male. In the mare a small branch runs forward along the ureter into the broad ligament of the uterus. (2) The middle haemorrhoidal or vesico-prostatic artery (A. hsemorrhoidalis media) in the male arises usually near the prostate and runs backward lateral to the rectum. It supplies branches to the rectum, bladder, urethra, and accessory genital glands. In the female the homologous vessel is much larger and gives off the posterior uterine artery (A. uterina caudalis). This runs for- ward on the side of the vagina, to which it gives branches, and rami- fies on the body of the uterus, anas- tomosing with the anterior, and middle uterine arteries. (In some cases this artery arises from the internal iliac or the umbilical.) (3) The perineal artery (A. perinei) is relatively small in the male. It ascends at the side of the anus, which it supplies, and gives twigs to the bulbocavernosus mus- cle and the skin of the perineum. In the female it is large and is dis- tributed to the anus and vulva, and gives a large branch to the vestibu- lar bulb. (4) The artery of the bulb (A. bulbi urethras) may be regarded as
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