Zöology; a textbook for colleges and universities . olled byhis habits and traditions. There are numerous situa-tions in human society which ought to be consideredintolerable and are only endured because people haveneither the initiative nor the imagination to breakaway from them. Ants also differ greatly from civilized man in thatthey have no idea of progress. The wonderfully pre-served insect fauna of amber, perhaps a couple years old, includes thousands of ants. Theseshow that there has been little or no progress in antlife and organization since that remote time. It mustbe remem
Zöology; a textbook for colleges and universities . olled byhis habits and traditions. There are numerous situa-tions in human society which ought to be consideredintolerable and are only endured because people haveneither the initiative nor the imagination to breakaway from them. Ants also differ greatly from civilized man in thatthey have no idea of progress. The wonderfully pre-served insect fauna of amber, perhaps a couple years old, includes thousands of ants. Theseshow that there has been little or no progress in antlife and organization since that remote time. It mustbe remembered, however, that of the total period during 4 NTS 307 which the human species has existed, only a smallportion, comparatively speaking, has been marked byany regular progress. Reference WHEELER, W. M. Ants: Their Structure, Development, and Behavior. Co-lumbia University Press, 1910. CHAPTER FORTY-ONE SCALE INSECTS Peculiaritiesof Coccidae I. SCALE INSECTS and mealy bugs, technically knownas Coccidae, constitute a group of Hemipterous insects,. source ofdye From Brehms Tkierleben FIG. IOQ. The cochineal insect: a, colony of the insects on a prickly pear plant; b, male; c, female. but differ in remarkable ways from the other membersof the order. From ancient times it was customary toutilize the coloring matter obtainable from certainsmall round objects found on oak trees in the regionKermesasa of the Mediterranean. They were regarded as berries(kokkos), or called by the Arabic name kermes. Formany centuries the opinion that these objects were ofvegetable origin prevailed, but in 1551 Quinqueran deBeaujeu published a book on the productions of Pro-vence (France), in which he clearly explained that theywere insects. The supposed berries, said he, were thefemale insects, which produced innumerable veryminute worms. The latter settled on the twigs, andgrew into berrylike adults. With the discovery ofMexico, came the report by Francisco Hernandez andothers that on the tuna, or p
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