. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . king. Polarization Crosses, although never sharp, may be seen with highpower. POTATO STARCH. The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most valuable sourcesof commercial starch, although the product is not much used as food,but is chiefly employed in the manufacture of paper and fabrics, for con-version into dextrine and glucose, and for gthcr technical purposes. It ismade chiefly on the Continent. In the United States it formerly was animportant product, but of la
. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . king. Polarization Crosses, although never sharp, may be seen with highpower. POTATO STARCH. The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most valuable sourcesof commercial starch, although the product is not much used as food,but is chiefly employed in the manufacture of paper and fabrics, for con-version into dextrine and glucose, and for gthcr technical purposes. It ismade chiefly on the Continent. In the United States it formerly was animportant product, but of late years has been largely replaced by maizestarch. The process of manufacture is quite simple. The thoroughlycleaned tubers are ground or grated, the pulp is washed on sieves, andthe starch is allowed to settle from the milky Hquid. The commercial product is in lumps, irregular prisms, or a fine grains are so large as to be visible to the naked eye. 66o COMMERCIAL STARCHES. Microscopic Characters (Fig. 581). This starch is recognized by thelarge, oystcr-shdl like grains, each with the hihim in the small Fir,. 581. Tolato Starch. X300. (Moellkk.) Aggregates are rare but curious. They are either true aggregates,usually twins or triplets, or compound grains consisting of two individuals,each with its own hilum and rings, encircled by layers common to both. Forms. The large grains remind us of oyster-shells. Egg-shaped,pear-shaped, and broadly spindle-shaped forms are common. Thesmall grains are nearly round. Size. The large grains range up to loo /( in length, most of thembeing about 70 [x. The small grains are but a few micromilhmeters indiameter. The Hilum is in the small end, the excentricity being \-\. The Rings are very distinct and are evident without special illumination. Polarization Crosses are very distinct. With the selenite plate a fmeplay of colors is obtained. HARANTA STARCH (WEST INDIA ARROWROOT). The starch obtained from the rhizome of Maranta arun
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