. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum Zoology. . Fig. 25 Diagram (with Fig. 26) summarizing some of the major types of foregut morphology found amongst the Conoidea, with radulae, where present, illustrated alongside. Not to scale. A. Clavus unizonalis; B. Clionella sinuata; C. Turricula nelliae spurius; D. Mangelia nebula; E. Ophiodermella biennis; F. Daphnella reeveana. Abbreviations: asg, accessory salivary glands; sg, salivary glands; rs, radular sac; vg, venom gland; black dots are sphincters. radular sac is located far behind the base of the proboscis. Therefore, it is doubtful that t
. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum Zoology. . Fig. 25 Diagram (with Fig. 26) summarizing some of the major types of foregut morphology found amongst the Conoidea, with radulae, where present, illustrated alongside. Not to scale. A. Clavus unizonalis; B. Clionella sinuata; C. Turricula nelliae spurius; D. Mangelia nebula; E. Ophiodermella biennis; F. Daphnella reeveana. Abbreviations: asg, accessory salivary glands; sg, salivary glands; rs, radular sac; vg, venom gland; black dots are sphincters. radular sac is located far behind the base of the proboscis. Therefore, it is doubtful that the buccal mass can be everted through the mouth opening. This species probably catches prey using the proboscis tip. Envenomation could occur either by the squirting of venom through the mouth, when the proboscis is in contact with the prey, or in the anterior part of the proboscis, when the prey is partly swallowed. In either case the radula is not used to envenomate the prey and is either used for further transportation in the oesophagus of for partial tearing of prey tissue. The second sub-type is found in Toxiclionella tumida and differs from the first in that the buccal mass is located near the proboscis tip (Kantor, 1990, fig. 4), which has no distal sphincter. This species is characterized by a radula formed of hollow, and barbed marginal teeth (Kilburn, 1985, fig. 14), which are attached all along their length to the radular membrane. The hollow radular teeth are similar in morphol- ogy to those of higher conoideans. The gastropod has a long venom gland and in the posterior part of the proboscis there is a single salivary gland with paired ducts. The radular teeth are sufficiently long, that during protraction of the odonto- iAl saJ i 147 H. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Natural His
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