The Dental cosmos . Thepresence of a defect on the mesial surfaceof the right second incisor (Fig. 7, b)may, I think, rationally be accounted forby the fact that after the shedding ofthe central deciduous incisors the mesialsurface of the second incisors became ex-posed until such time as the permanentcentrals had grown into position. The Niata cattle, which are found onthe Serra of Rio Grande do Sul, are to beconsidered, according to Hensel (DerZodlogische Garten, 1876), not as a race,but rather as a degenerated type which isnot hereditary. That which particu-larly characterizes these cattle
The Dental cosmos . Thepresence of a defect on the mesial surfaceof the right second incisor (Fig. 7, b)may, I think, rationally be accounted forby the fact that after the shedding ofthe central deciduous incisors the mesialsurface of the second incisors became ex-posed until such time as the permanentcentrals had grown into position. The Niata cattle, which are found onthe Serra of Rio Grande do Sul, are to beconsidered, according to Hensel (DerZodlogische Garten, 1876), not as a race,but rather as a degenerated type which isnot hereditary. That which particu-larly characterizes these cattle is theshortened upper jaw, which produces apug-like appearance and makes it im-possible for them to feed on any otherthan long grass. I have been able to produce defectsidentical with those shown in Fig. 7 bydrawing a bunch of fine strings impreg-nated with sand across the distal surfaceof the canines of a calf, using a fresh jaw at the necks we may find wearing, evenon the approximal surfaces of the inci- Fig. Fore part of jaws of an ox (Niata race),showing marked wedge-shaped defect on dis-tal surface of deciduous canine, a, and slightdefect on mesial surface of deciduous sec-ond incisor, b. sors. But this wearing, as far as my ob-servation goes, is always slight. MILLER. FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS OF THE SUBJECT OF WASTING 685 It will be readily seen that in propor-tion as the fan-shaped crowns of the in-cisors wear down, the interdental spaceswill become gradually wider and thecutting edges of the teeth will notform an unbroken line as they nor-mally do. In this case, as well aswhere a space has been produced by Fig. 8.
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