. The propagation of plants ; giving the principles which govern the development and growth of plants, their botanical affinities and peculiar properties; also, descriptions of the process by which varieties and species are crossed or hybridized, and the many different methods by which cultivated plants may be propagated and multiplied . Plant propagation. 36 PEOPAGATION OF PLANTS. In the true Oak Apple (figure 7), the cell-matter im- mediately surrounding the larvffi in the center of the gall becomes very hard aud woody, while the space be- tween this center kernel and tlie rind of the gall i
. The propagation of plants ; giving the principles which govern the development and growth of plants, their botanical affinities and peculiar properties; also, descriptions of the process by which varieties and species are crossed or hybridized, and the many different methods by which cultivated plants may be propagated and multiplied . Plant propagation. 36 PEOPAGATION OF PLANTS. In the true Oak Apple (figure 7), the cell-matter im- mediately surrounding the larvffi in the center of the gall becomes very hard aud woody, while the space be- tween this center kernel and tlie rind of the gall is filled with a grayish, light, spongy matter. In what is called the "Bastard Oak-Apple," produced by the Cynips inanis on the Bed Oak, the centi-al kernel or cell is not hard and woody, and the rind is connected with the center by slender radiating filaments, as shown in figure 8. Another species of Cynips produces a yery distinct gall on the acorn of both the Black and Red Oak indis- criminately. Different species of insects not only pro- duce difEerent kinds of galls on the Oak, but upon vari- ous other kinds of trees and shrubs, and even upon many herbaceous plants. The Pine-cone Gall of the Willow is a familiar object in every swamp where the Heart-leaved Willow (Salix cordata), is found, and is the result of the depositing of eggs of a minute species of gall-gnat. As soon as the eggs are deposited in the young twig of the Willow, the cell-matter proceeds to form a cone-like structure, something entirely differ- ent and entirely foreign to the natural functions of the plant, and this movement continues until the gall is complete, the outer part being covered with regularly formed scales, the whole resem- bling a small pine cone. There may be thousands of these galls in the same field or swamp, but all will be found nearly of one size, and built up on the same general Fig. 8.—BASTABD OAK Please note that these images are extracted from scanned pag
Size: 1332px × 1876px
Photo credit: © Central Historic Books / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., boo, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectplantpropagation
