. Outlines of zoology. Zoology. CORALS. Anthozoa or Actinozoa. 153 ZOANTHARIA, HeXACORALLA, £.g^., Sea Anemone. Many are simple, many colonial. Tentacles usually simple, usually some multiple of six, often dissimilar. Mesenteries usually some multiple of six, complete and incomplete. Retractor muscles never as in Alcyonaria. Two gullet grooves or siphonoglyphes, or only one. Dimorphism only in some Aniipatharia, and in one Madrepore coral. Calcareous skeleton if present is derived from the basal ectoderm. Types. Actiniaria. Sea anemones. Madreporaria. Reef building corals. Antipatharia. Black
. Outlines of zoology. Zoology. CORALS. Anthozoa or Actinozoa. 153 ZOANTHARIA, HeXACORALLA, £.g^., Sea Anemone. Many are simple, many colonial. Tentacles usually simple, usually some multiple of six, often dissimilar. Mesenteries usually some multiple of six, complete and incomplete. Retractor muscles never as in Alcyonaria. Two gullet grooves or siphonoglyphes, or only one. Dimorphism only in some Aniipatharia, and in one Madrepore coral. Calcareous skeleton if present is derived from the basal ectoderm. Types. Actiniaria. Sea anemones. Madreporaria. Reef building corals. Antipatharia. Black AlcvOnaria, Octocoralla, : Dead Men's Fingers All colonial, exxept a small family includ- ing Monoxenia and Haunea. Tentacles eight, feathered, uniform. Mesenteries eight, complete. Retractor muscles always on one (ventral) side of each mesentery. One (ventral) gullet groove or siphono- glyphe, or none. Occasional dimorphism among members of a colony. There are usually calcareous spicules (of ectodermic origin) in the mesoglo^a. , Alcyoniuni (Dead men's fingers), with diffuse spicules of lime. Tubipora (Organ pipe coral), with spicules fused into tubes and trans- verse platforms. CorallhiiJi riibrum (Red coral), with an axis of fused spicules. Isis-^ with an axis of alternately Hmy and " horny" jolnts. Pen?iatula (Sea pen), a free phosphor- escent colony, with a "horny" axis possibly endodermic. Heliopora^ blue Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Thomson, J. Arthur (John Arthur), 1861-1933; Newbigin, Marion I. (Marion Isabel), 1869-1934; Smith, Preserved, 1880-1941. fmo. New York, D. Appleton & Co.
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectzoology, bookyear1895
