. Grant and his campaigns: a military biography . o. The weather was cold, the roads slippery and muddy, andthe river filled with floating ice. McClernand occupied FortJefferson, marched through BlandviUe, and to within the dis-tance of a mile from the defences of Columbus. He was recalledon the 20th, having discovered new roads and obtained muchvaluable information for a future advance in force. Indeed,the result of this rapid and vigorous movement, especially sofar as the column from Cairo was concerned, was a minuteacquaintance with the roads, streams, and general toixigraphyof the country,
. Grant and his campaigns: a military biography . o. The weather was cold, the roads slippery and muddy, andthe river filled with floating ice. McClernand occupied FortJefferson, marched through BlandviUe, and to within the dis-tance of a mile from the defences of Columbus. He was recalledon the 20th, having discovered new roads and obtained muchvaluable information for a future advance in force. Indeed,the result of this rapid and vigorous movement, especially sofar as the column from Cairo was concerned, was a minuteacquaintance with the roads, streams, and general toixigraphyof the country, which would have been of incalculable^ valuehad we been conqiollcd to operate directly against of our gunboats had gone do^vn the river at the same FORT HENRY. 37 timo, and driven tliroo rebel armed vessels back uiidfr thoshelter of the ^uns of Columbus. Before attemptinj^j to present tho succeeding movemcnt-s,based upon the information obtained from this and other ro-conuoissauces, let us glance for a moment at the rebel OPERATIONS rX WESTERN KENTUCKY. Columbus, twenty miles below the moutli of tho Ohio, withits blufls two hundred feet high, was strongly fortified byheavy batteries which swept the Mississippi above and landward defences, at first weak, were being dailystrengthened; and the rebel press, calling it the Gihraltar ofAmerirn, declared that it would seal the great river, lantil allnations should acknowledge the independence of the SouthernConfederacy. To extend their line eastward, covering Nashville in thatdirection, they had, beginning in August, ISOl, fortitietlBowling Green, a small place on the Big Barren River, butnaturally well adapted to difence, and of strategic importanceas being on the Louisville and Nashville Railroad. The BigBarren River is at certain seasons navigable for small vessels,by the Ohio and Green rivers, from Ijouisville. The river is verywinding in its , and in all the bends are steep hills 38 GRAN
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