. Revised and enlarged ed. of the science of railways . Exterior of Steam Gauge. form very common in Americahas a bore of eighteen inchesdiameter, and a stroke of thepiston of twentj^-four the stroke of tlie piston ismeant the distance it movesin the cylinder. This distanceis twice the length of thecrank, measured from the cen-ters of the shaft and crank-pin. Absolute accu-racy is required to be observed in boring thecylinder. Briefly summarized, the operation ofthe engine is asfollows: The en-gineer, by the man-ipulation of thethrottle lever,opens or closes thevalve in the domof the
. Revised and enlarged ed. of the science of railways . Exterior of Steam Gauge. form very common in Americahas a bore of eighteen inchesdiameter, and a stroke of thepiston of twentj^-four the stroke of tlie piston ismeant the distance it movesin the cylinder. This distanceis twice the length of thecrank, measured from the cen-ters of the shaft and crank-pin. Absolute accu-racy is required to be observed in boring thecylinder. Briefly summarized, the operation ofthe engine is asfollows: The en-gineer, by the man-ipulation of thethrottle lever,opens or closes thevalve in the domof the boiler. Thsteam is admittedor shut off fromthe pulling openthe t h r o t-tlethe steamfinds its wayfrom thesteam-chest intothe cylinderthrough a passage(or port) devised for that purpose. The arrange-. Section showing action of steam in single ex-pansion cylinder. Piston shown in section. 84 RAILWAY EQUIPMENT. ^^ ineiit of the valve and its movements are snclithat the ports through which steam is admit-ted into the C3^1inder are, alternately, each openduring only a portion of the stroke of the steam enters the cylinder at one end, and indoing so forces the piston (which moves backand forth in the cylinder) to its opposite extrem-ity. After the piston has made a part of its dis-tance (stroke) the port through which steam ispassing into the cylinder closes without allowingthe steam thus admitted to escape until the pis-ton has nearly reached the end of its journey. In operation, the expansiveaction of the steam ad-mitted to the cylinderexerts a diminishing pres-sure on the piston untilthe exhaust port isopened. When the strokeis completed the steamescapes through the ex-haust port into the the instant the steamceases to act (i. e., at thecompletion of the stroke)a ne
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