Triumphs and wonders of the 19th century, the true mirror of a phenomenal era, a volume of original, entertaining and instructive historic and descriptive writings, showing the many and marvellous achievements which distinguish an hundred years of material, intellectual, social and moral progress .. . art Society. Next to Germany in its list of great educational thinkers must come Eng-land. At the beginning of this century there were no public schools inEngland, in the American sense of the term. The great preparatory schools, — Eton, Rugby, Harrow, Winchester, etc., — although called public b
Triumphs and wonders of the 19th century, the true mirror of a phenomenal era, a volume of original, entertaining and instructive historic and descriptive writings, showing the many and marvellous achievements which distinguish an hundred years of material, intellectual, social and moral progress .. . art Society. Next to Germany in its list of great educational thinkers must come Eng-land. At the beginning of this century there were no public schools inEngland, in the American sense of the term. The great preparatory schools, — Eton, Rugby, Harrow, Winchester, etc., — although called public bythe English, were in reality endowed boarding-schools, where as a rule onlythe children of the rich could be found. General education was cared for bythe village schools under the direction of the vicar of the parish, and usuallypresided over by elderly dames with varied degrees of attainments. At theend of the eighteenth century, the work of Andrew Pell and Joseph Lan- EDUCATION DURING THE CENTURY 517 caster began to arouse some interest. Working independently, the one inIndia and the other in London, both developed the same method of providinggeneral instruction at a minimum of cost, by using the more advanced pupilsto instruct the beginners. By the aid of monitors, said Lancaster, -one. PESTALOZZI. (The Perry Pictures. Copyright, 1898, by E. A. Perry, Maiden, Mass.) master can teach a thousand boys. In 1798, Lancaster opened the firstEnglish school of this kind in Southwark, London, placing this inscriptionover the door: All that will may send their children and have them edu-cated freely, and those that do not wish to have education for nothing maypay for it, if they please. In 1808, the Royal Lancasterian Society was organ- 518 TRIUMPHS AND WONDERS OF THE XIXth CENTURY ized, to agitate for more schools ; and although its name was changed, in 1814,to British and Foreign School Society, its work has continued down to thepresent time. In 1818, Lancaster came to America,
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