. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 200 A. GARM ET AL. Figure 2. Morphology of the setae: scanning electron micrograph (SEM) and video images. (A) SEM image of a stout cuspidate seta from the endopod of maxilliped 2; the arrowhead indicates the very reduced socket of the seta. (B) SEM image of simple setae from the basis of maxilliped 1. (C, D) Video still images taken ca. 1 s apart showing a simple seta (arrowhead) that is from the carpus of maxilliped 3 (M\p3 car) and bends during food manipulation. The seta is almost straight before prey contact (C) but ben
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 200 A. GARM ET AL. Figure 2. Morphology of the setae: scanning electron micrograph (SEM) and video images. (A) SEM image of a stout cuspidate seta from the endopod of maxilliped 2; the arrowhead indicates the very reduced socket of the seta. (B) SEM image of simple setae from the basis of maxilliped 1. (C, D) Video still images taken ca. 1 s apart showing a simple seta (arrowhead) that is from the carpus of maxilliped 3 (M\p3 car) and bends during food manipulation. The seta is almost straight before prey contact (C) but bends in the distal half when contact is made (D). The broken line indicates the prey held by the mouthparts. car = carpus, Lb = labruni. Mdp = mandibular palp. Mxp2 = maxilliped 2, Mxp3 = maxilliped 3. phaso-tonic high-frequency response, while other directions produced phasic responses and lower response rates (Fig. 8). Eight of the ten neurons tested responded unequally to bending at different regions in that they only responded to bending of the distal half of the seta (Fig. 9), but the experimental setup did not allow for precise location of the most sensitive region. Two neurons responded to bending anywhere along the setal shaft. None of the four tested neurons responded to bending after the distal half of the seta was removed. Bend neurons were sensitive to changes in osmolarity (Fig. 10). All tested neurons (n = 11) responded with high-frequency spiking to pulses of deionized water. The response to bending did not change after stimulation with 8-s pulses of deionized water. Three neurons were kept in deionized water for a prolonged period, and they all stopped responding to the deionized water after 1-2 min. One neu- ron spiked constantly for min before it stopped respond- ing. These three neurons showed a profound reduction in responsiveness to bending before they stopped responding. None of the three neurons responded to bending after 5 min in deionized water, and n
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